BACKGROUND Publications on the use of the bispectral index for sedation monitoring in the intensive care unit are increasing. However, few studies have involved correlation of bispectral index with serum drug concentrations. OBJECTIVES To assess the degree of correlation between bispectral index values, scores on the Sedation-Agitation Scale, and steady-state serum concentrations of lorazepam...

BACKGROUND Although sedation is often required for agitated patients undergoing noninvasive ventilation (NIV), reports on its practical use have been few. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sedation for agitated patients undergoing NIV in clinical practice in a single hospital. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed sedated patients who received NIV due to acute respiratory ...

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of agitation in the first 7 days after intensive care unit admission, its risk factors and its associations with clinical outcomes. Methods: This single-center prospective cohort study included all patients older than 18 years with a predicted stay > 48 hours within the first 24 hours of intensive care unit admission. Agitation was defined as a Richmond Ag...

Introduction. This study was conducted to evaluate and document the frequency and causes of agitation, the symptoms accompanying this condition in intoxications, relationship between agitation score on admission and different variables, and the outcome of therapy in a tertiary care referral poisoning center in Iran. Methods. In this prospective observational study which was done in 2012, 3010 p...

Abstract Cranioplasty is a procedure in which the bone flap replaced after decompressive craniotomy, once patient’s condition stabilizes. Rapid recovery important this surgery for recognizing early complications and immediate intervention. Newer inhalation agents such as desflurane sevoflurane are widely used neurosurgery. But not much research has been done anesthetic management elective crani...

Methods This prospective, interventional study was approved by the appropriate Institutional Review Board (Comité de Protection des Personnes Sud-Est VI, Clermont-Ferrand, France; NCT02202720) and conducted in a 16-bed ICU. For each patient, the sevoflurane MAC were increased to 0.1 MAC every 30 minutes from MAC 0 until MAC 0.8 then reduced with the same steps. Sevoflurane was administered with...

BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine can be used for sedation of mechanically ventilated patients and has minor respiratory effects. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of patient-ventilator dyssynchronies during sedation with dexmedetomidine or propofol. METHODS We conducted a multicentre, prospective, open-label, randomised clinical trial, comparing dexmedetomidine with standard propof...

CONTEXT Goal-directed delivery of sedative and analgesic medications is recommended as standard care in intensive care units (ICUs) because of the impact these medications have on ventilator weaning and ICU length of stay, but few of the available sedation scales have been appropriately tested for reliability and validity. OBJECTIVE To test the reliability and validity of the Richmond Agitati...