Vision in dim light, when photons are scarce, requires reliable signaling of the arrival of single photons. Rod photoreceptors accomplish this task through the use of a G-protein-coupled transduction cascade that amplifies the activity of single active rhodopsin molecules. This process is one of the best understood signaling cascades in biology, yet quantitative measurements of the amplitude an...

In this paper, we present an electric field analysis for the optimal structural design of lightning rods high performance with a charge transfer system (CTS). case conventional rod that is produced empirical and structure without quantitative data because structurally very simple, only materials radius curvature to concentrate at tip part are considered. Recently, development new types rods, su...

Cones are primarily involved in photopic vision and light adaptation. Rods responsible for scotopic dark The typical time-courses of adaptations have been known century. However, information regarding the minimal adaptation time electroretinography (ERG) pupillography would be helpful practical applications clinical efficiency. Therefore, we investigated relationship between parameters ERG pupi...

The grounding system plays the important role in securing electric power system. Low resistance ensures proper operation of lower value, easier current flow through earth without any obstacles then prevents equipment from being damaged or causing injury personnel. According to PUIL 2000 standard, should be less than 5Ω. Methods that can performed reduce are increasing length and diameter rod, u...

in this study, removal of methylene blue by electro-coagulation method using aluminum and iron electrodes was investigated. the influence of the operating parameters such as contact time, current density, anode type, inter-electrodes distance, initial and final ph and energy consumption rate was determined. dye removal was increased with increases in solution ph, current density and contact tim...

In this study, the stability of Ag|Ag + molten chloride reference electrodes was studied using mullite and magnesia tubes as electrode membrane materials in MgCl 2 -KCl-NaCl for continuous immersion up to 31 d. Two electrochemical methods were used characterize long-term performance at 500 °C an inert atmosphere a Mg rod working electrode: open circuit potential (OCP) onset Mg(II) reduction mea...

Immonoglobulin G4‑related ophthalmic disease (IgG4‑ROD) is a IgG4‑RD and exhibits two main characteristics: Fibrosis that is not necessarily marked histopathologically; and frequent formation of germinal centers (GCs). Follicular B helper T (Tfh) cells are now recognized as the true helper cells for B cells in antibody responses. In the present study, the profile and distribution of Tfh cells i...

For nanoparticle synthesis in a spark discharge, the influence of degree electrode asymmetry rod-to-rod configuration, using example silver electrodes, on energy efficiency and composition is studied. The was determined by angle between electrodes’ end faces. Two types discharge current pulses were used: oscillation-damped unipolar, which electrodes changed their polarities had constant polarit...