In the late of the Qajar era, a Persianized Iranian royal family of Azerbaijani Turkic origin which ruled Persia from 1785 to 1925, the Isfahan carpet design was revived by some of the artists such as Mirza Aqa Emami and Mohammad Hossein Mosavver Al-Molki. One of the leading artists in the late of the Qajar period and the early of the next period, Mohammad Hossein Mosavver Al-Molki, known as Ha...

Numbers and geometrical divisions, due to the inherent charming principles in their background are considered by the ancients. But in recent architecture after the first Pahlavi era to the present, less attention has been paid to the numeral relations and proportions and has not benefited from an exact reproduction of the original proportions to achieve beauty. The authors of the study aimed to...

This study examines the concept and educational approaches and the relationshipbetween the mode and the hierarchy of education in each of the Safavid and Qajar periodsand the physical structure and structure of the schools, the role of each of these factors,including the styles, disciplines and conditions governing the educational system in theschool physical changes of different periods. In fa...

The urban development of the city of Isfahan during the Safavid period was based on a preconceived plan and was brought to an end in a limited time. The Safavids were able to create valuable urban landscapes in the old city of Isfahan, and in this way, could assert a significant influence on the urbanism of the onward periods. In facing such master plans, as the results of an era which is consi...

Stage Historical and literary evidences and texts as well as works of art of the Safavid era point to the abundance of gatherings of festivity and joy in this era. These gatherings have been a part of programs of the Safavid kings and princes on various occasions. The painters of Tabriz II School have made significant efforts to demonstrate the magnificent manifestations of the kings and prince...

With the arrival of Shah Ismail I (1513-1551 A.D) to Tabriz and his coronation at Sahib-Abad government house, the Safavid dynasty was established in 907 AH / 1502 AD. The city of Tabriz, as the first capital of the Safavids, has had an elaborate spatial organization since the Turkmen period (Qaraqvinlu and Aghqvinlu). What impressed the nature of such a structure was how the old city center wa...

The economic policies of Iran in the early nineteenth century led to the expansion of foreign trade. After that border customs became one of the important sources of income for the country. It seems that by the prosperity of border customs, Kermanshah was also developed due to being on the trade route leading to the Ottoman. The question of the present study is what was the influence of the bor...