programmed cell death-1 (pd-1) and its ligands, pd-l1 and pd-l2, have been regarded as important immune system regulatory molecules. the aberrant expression of the molecules has been related to several autoimmune disorders. this study is aimed to assess the mrna expression level of pd-1, pd-l1, and pd-l2 molecules in the peripheral blood mononuclear mells (pbmcs) from multiple sclerosis (ms) pa...

background and aims: p504s (amacr) is a mitochondrial enzyme expressed in renal cell carcinoma. some of immunohistochemical markers in renal cell tumors are independent prognostic factor and show relation with histologic grading. amacr expression increases with higher histological grading in different tumors; however, in rcc it is not obvious. in this study, we tried to investigate if any relat...

Congenital epulis is a very rare benign soft-tissue tumor of uncertain histogenesis, which is also known as “gingival granular cell tumor of the newborn”. It occurs almost exclusively as a single tumor along the alveolar ridge of the maxilla in newborn females. Although congenital epulis is strikingly similar to the more common adult granular cell tumor histologically, in contrast to the latter...

congenital epulis is a very rare benign soft-tissue tumor of uncertain histogenesis, which is also known as “gingival granular cell tumor of the newborn”. it occurs almost exclusively as a single tumor along the alveolar ridge of the maxilla in newborn females. although congenital epulis is strikingly similar to the more common adult granular cell tumor histologically, in contrast to the latter...

Background:Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is a characteristic of several malignancies and could be considered as an excellent target for designing specific inhibitors such as anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies for cancer therapy. Drawbacks exerted by large sizes of full-length antibodies have lead to the development of single chain antibodies, which benefit from having smal...

background: cross-contamination between cells is a usual mistake at cell culture laboratories and cell banks worldwide. mrc5 diploid cell and rk-13, vero and hela continuous cell lines are used in different stages of human viral vaccines propagation at razi vaccine and serum research institute of iran. however diploid and continuous cells are propagated at separated cell culture laboratory and ...

using of colloids and polymeric microparticles are gradually increasing. it is observed that thepositive effects of particles stems in both traditional applications such as column pickings,coatings and paints to more recent technologies in diagnostics, drug delivery and optical devicesare well documented. this review focuses on importance of colloids and covers theirapplications on three level:...

background: alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (ahpc) of helicobacter pylori is considered as a diagnostic antigen. there­fore, this antigen can be used to detect h. pylori infection by stool immunoassays such as elisa. the aim of this study was to simplify the ahpc protein purification procedures. methods: for whole cell protein extraction, the bacterial cells were ruptured by octly-β-d glucopyrano...