BACKGROUND The present study explored the role of closing volume as a determinant of orthopnea in stable obese subjects. We hypothesized that: (1) increase in closing volume in supine position would be greater in orthopneic than in non-orthopneic subjects, and (2) the relationship of change in closing volume to change in dyspnea with position would be dependent on expiratory flow limitation in ...

*Correspondence: Martin V. Sørensen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark e-mail: [email protected] Comprehensive sampling of meiofauna along the northern continental slope in the Gulf of Mexico has revealed a diverse kinorhynch fauna of undescribed species. The present contribution includes the description of two new species of the cyclorhagid genus Echinoderes. Echinoderes august...

Hybrid poplars have demonstrated high productivity as short rotation woody crops (SRWCs) in the U.S. Midwest, and the hybrid aspen ‘Crandon’ (Populus alba L. × P. grandidenta Michx.) has exhibited particularly promising yields across topographic positions (including sloping marginal lands) in Iowa. However, a key obstacle for landowner acceptance of SRWCs is the lack of economic returns early i...

A simple experimental protocol applying a quantitative ultrasound (QUS) pulse-echo technique was used to measure the acoustic parameters of healthy femoral diaphyses of Wistar rats in vivo. Five quantitative parameters [apparent integrated backscatter (AIB), frequency slope of apparent backscatter (FSAB), time slope of apparent backscatter (TSAB), integrated reflection coefficient (IRC), and fr...

The P-positions of the well-known 2-pile take-away game of Wythoff Nim lie on two ‘beams’ of slope √ 5+1 2 and √ 5−1 2 respectively. We study extensions to this game where a player may also remove simultaneously pt tokens from either of the piles and qt from the other, where p < q are given positive integers and where t ranges over the positive integers. We prove that for certain pairs (p, q) t...

Supplying adequate amounts of soil N for plant growth during the growing season and across large agricultural fields is a challenge for conservational agricultural systems with cover crops. Knowledge about cover crop effects on N comes mostly from small, flat research plots and performance of cover crops across topographically diverse agricultural land is poorly understood. Our objective was to...

This paper provides a prediction of the achievable interferometric performance for a TerraSAR-L cartwheel constellation. Assuming receiving antennas of only 3m diameter, ambiguity and noise floor levels are analysed in detail. Expected DEM accuracies for different effective baselines at different swath positions including effects of local slope and volume decorrelation over vegetation are prese...

AIM Acoustic characteristics associated with varied utterance positions were examined to understand the acoustic consequences of potential articulatory changes near utterance boundaries. METHODS Second formant transition characteristics, including transition duration (ms), transition extent (Hz), and derived slope of transition (Hz/ms), of 12 healthy speakers of American English were examined...