This paper deals with the design of observers for batch processes and the tuning of the observer gains with the objective to guarantee fast convergence of the state estimates. The approach followed in the present proposes to use an ITSE (Integral of the Time-weighted Square Error) criterion. The approach is illustrated on a batch process used in wastewater treatment, sequencing batch reactor (S...

The technical feasibility of a sequential batch process for the biological treatment of sediments contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was evaluated through an experimental study. A bench-scale Sediment Slurry Sequencing Batch Reactor (SS-SBR) was fed with river sediments contaminated by a PAH mixture made by fluorene, anthracene, pyrene and crysene. The process performance w...

Abstrati-An experimental study of the catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4_dinitrotoluene (DNT) in a miniinstallation with a continuously operated stirred three-phase slurry reactor and an evaporating solvent is discussed_ Some characteristic properties of the reactor system and the influence of the operating parameters on the performance of the reactor are illustrated. The experimental results are c...

The effects of ultrasonication of corn slurry, on particle size distribution and enzymatic hydrolysis was studied for the dry-grind mill ethanol industry. Two independent ultrasonic experiments were conducted at a frequency of 20 kHz; in batch and continuous systems. The ground corn slurry (33% m/v) was pumped at flow rates 10-28 L/min in continuous flow experiments, and sonicated at constant a...

due to the population growth and human activities in the agricultural and industrial fields, healthy and sanitary water has become scarce. due to its high contamination load, environmental harms and water discharge standards, starch producing industry is regarded as one of the industries polluting water sources which its treatment and recovery remains important. in the present study, after fabr...

Oil and gas field wastewater or produced water is a significant waste stream in the oil and gas industries. In this study, the performance of a membrane sequencing batch reactor (MSBR) and membrane sequencing batch reactor/reverse osmosis (MSBR/RO) process treating produced wastewater were investigated and compared. The MSBR was operated in different hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 8, 20 and ...

The membrane fouling of an aerobic granular reactor coupled with a submerged membrane in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was evaluated. The fouling analysis was performed by applying microscopy techniques to determine the morphology and structure of the fouling layer on a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. It was found that the main cause of fouling was the polysaccharide adsorption on the memb...

ÐBiological treatment of a piggery wastewater for organic carbon and nitrogen removal in a combined anaerobic±aerobic system was investigated using two laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors. The cycle length was 24 h. In the anaerobic reactor, fed with raw wastewater and recycling from the aerobic reactor, denitri®cation followed by anaerobic digestion of organic carbon was observed. In th...