In this work, an alternative procedure to retrofit an industrial plant is proposed, based on a new heat exchanger network (HEN) synthesis and evolution algorithm. The idea is to consider the retrofitting as a grassroots design, but with match constrains accounted for during the synthesis. First, a lower bound for the HEN total annual cost (TAC) is determined and a new HEN is synthesized. A comp...

The behavior of reinforced concrete with large strain under dynamic loading is non-linear. The non-linear modeling of the reality exactly is much difficult due to a lot of boundary conditions and limited resources. However, the engineering requirement of solutions is somehow relaxed. i.e. it only needs to be within certain limits of errors. This paper presents the interpretation of the structur...

Abstract A linear classification algorithm for various structural states (before, during, and after retrofitting) of railway steel arch bridge KW51 based on Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) principal components is proposed. The technique typically employed in other fields, such as genetics, but its use civil engineering still limited. method applied two steps, first, the original vibration me...

One of the greatest causes of casualties in major earthquakes around the world is the collapse of non-engineered masonry buildings (those built without engineering input). Yet by definition non-engineered structures remain largely outside of the scope of modern engineering research, meaning that the majority of those at risk often remain so. A further barrier to realising research in this field...

─This paper presents the retrofitting of beam-column joint using CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) and steel plate. This specimen was tested until failure up to 1.0% drift. This joint suffered severe damages and diagonal cracks at upper crack at upper column before retrofitted. CFRP were wrapped at corbel, bottom and top of the column. Steel plates with bonding were attached to the two bea...

The building sector contributes a large proportion of the world’s total final energy consumption. As a result, considerable attention has been paid to energy efficiency in the building sector. At the current stage, building retrofitting is the most feasible and cost-effective method to improve building energy efficiency. This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model for life-cycle co...

This work reports the outcomes of an extensive experimental campaign on the retrofitting of masonry walls by means of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets, carried out at University of Applied Sciences (UAS) Fribourg. In the first stage, static-cyclic shear tests were conducted on the masonry walls, followed by a second stage of tensile tests on alternative configurations of mechanical...

Like many developed countries, energy efficiency and environment impact are the most important process in the development of power generation policy in India. A high ambient temperature reduces the air density and makes inlet air cooling (IAC) and steam injection gas turbine (STIG) attractive power augmentation method for existing regenerative gas turbine. With a high back work ratio and a high...