A 41-year-old woman had a 1to 2-cm asymptomatic thyroid mass, which had been monitored by an endocrinologist for several years with serial sonography. Noting that it had enlarged in the face of normal thyroid function tests, the endocrinologist ordered a fine-needle aspiration biopsy, which showed a cellular follicular lesion. Although some of the nuclear changes seen in papillary carcinoma wer...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of sonography and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC). METHODOLOGY This follow-up study was approved by review board and conducted at Endocrine Clinic and Radiology Department of Imam Reza, Kermanshah. The patients were diagnosed to have thyroid nodule examined by FNA and Sonography suspicious malignant cases underwent surgery. RESULTS were en...

Diagnostic rules are usually IF-THEN rules, but they should satisfy specific requirements of a diagnosis. Thus, not always the classical methods of rules determination are applicable. In the present paper it is suggested to find out the set of rules by an elimination of superfluous rules from the maximal rule set or adding rules that improve inference to the minimal set of rules. It is shown th...

background: sonoelastography is a new ultrasound method which could be helpful to determine which thyroid nodule is malignant. we designed this study to evaluate the accuracy of sonoelastography in differentiating of benign and malignant thyroid nodules in iranian patients. methods: forty thyroid nodules in forty consecutive patients who had been referred for sonography‑guided fine‑needle aspir...

Background: To compare thyroid volume , thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) , Free T4  and  prevalence of thyroid nodules between obese and  non-obese subjects .Also,  association  between BMI  and insulin resistance status with various parameters of thyroid gland was evaluated. Methods: Fifty –two patients with obesity and 38 normal body mass index (BMI ) volunteers, aged 20-50 years , were enr...

Neuroendocrine lesions of the thyroid are rare. The most common types are medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) and C-cell hyperplasia. MTCs originate from thyroid parafollicular cells that secrete calcitonin which serves as a serum marker of MTCs. Here, the rare case of a calcitonin-negative neuroendocrine tumor (NET) derived from follicular lesions of the thyroid is described. A 34-year-old man...

OBJECTIVE Recently, it has been questioned whether insulin resistance is associated with thyroid nodules. The aim of this study was to examine insulin resistance prevalence in a case-control study of patients with benign thyroid nodules in an iodine-sufficient area. METHODS This was a single-center, case-control study on euthyroid patients with benign nodular diseases. Thirty newly diagnosed ...