abstract decadal changes in land use/land cover for balachaur watershed in nawanshahar district, punjab, india were studied using black and white aerial photographs for march 1984 on approximately 1:20,000 scale and multidate geocoded false colour composites (fcc) of irs-1d liss-iii on 1:50,000 scale for march 2002, september 2002, and may 2003 and interpreted visually to prepare land use/land ...

the part of precipitation that directly meets the water requirements of a plant, is termed the effective rainfall. effective rainfall estimation methods consist of: direct measurement, empirical methods, and soil-water balance modeling. due to the high costs of measurements and storing devices such as lysimeter, empirical and balance methods are most commonly used to estimate the effective rain...

Remote sensing has long been a useful tool in global applications, since it provides physically-based, worldwide, and consistent spatial information. This paper discusses the potential of using these techniques in the research field of water management, particularly for ‘Water Footprint’ (WF) studies. The WF of a crop is defined as the volume of water consumed for its production, where green an...

Reflective bands of Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper satellite imagery were used to facilitate the estimation of basal crop evapotranspiration (ETcb), or potential crop water use, in San Joaquin Valley fields during 2008. A ground-based digital camera measured green fractional cover (Fc) of 49 commercial fields planted to 18 different crop types (row crops, grains, orchard, vineyard) of varying maturi...

Evapotranspiration (ET) is important to hydrologists as well as regional planners. Methods for the calculation of ET require land use as well as weather and solar energy inputs. In this paper we present an ArcMap toolbar for the calculation of spatially distributed ET from ground based weather data. The toolbar provides functionality to interpolate weather data over the region of interest and c...

Incoming solar radiation derived from GOES-8 satellite observations, in combination with local meteorological measurements, were used to model evapotranspiration from a wetland. The wetland experiment was conducted in the Paynes Prairie Preserve, North Central Florida during a growing season characterized by significant convective activity. The satellite solar radiation measurements generally a...

One of the effective steps in use of water resources is accurate estimation of plants water requirement. Lack of accurate estimation of this amount leads to water loss and failure to achieve optimum yield, reduced potential of production, soil resources degradation by too much irrigation or lack of enough leaching and salinization of soils by irrigation less than necessary level, which would ul...