INTRODUCTION There are many common drugs which have significant sedative-hypnotic properties. Alcohol and barbiturates have been discussed separately in this appendix, and their many pharmacological similarities were indicated. Barbiturates are often considered the prototype of sedative-hypnotic drugs; pharmacologically related compounds are frequently identified or discussed in terms of their ...

* Results of this investigation were presented at the 43rd (June , 1973) Kinki Regional Meeting of Japanese Pharmacological Society. AbstractEffects of psychotropic drugs on intracranial self-stimulation behavior were investigated in rats with chronic electrodes implanted in the lateral posterior hypothalamus. Major tranquilizers such as chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, haloperidol, clozapine a...

PURPOSE The purpose of this review was to systematically summarize research on nonmedical use of prescription medications (NMUPM) among U.S. adolescents, with specific focus on scheduled medications falling into one of the following drug classes: pain relievers, stimulants, sedatives, or tranquilizers. METHODS Databases were searched for peer-reviewed primary quantitative research published b...

Utilizing computer-assisted quantitative analyses of human scalp-recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) in combination with certain statistical procedures (quantitative pharmaco-EEG) and mapping techniques (pharmaco-EEG mapping), it is possible to classify psychotropic substances and objectively evaluate their bioavailability at the target organ: the human brain. Specifically, one may determine at...

OBJECTIVE To analyze drug use trends among college students in 1996, 2001 and 2009. METHODS A cross-sectional epidemiological study with a multistage stratified cluster sample with 9,974 college students was conducted in the city of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on drug use assessed in lifetime, the preceding 12 mo...

OBJECTIVE The relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and women's use of negative and positive coping strategies was investigated. DESIGN AND SAMPLE For this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 300 refugee women was recruited from health care centers in three cities in Jordan. Logistic regression adjusted to women's demographic characteristics was used. RESULTS The s...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of negative mood states in adolescents according to gender, to analyze variability among schools, and to evaluate the associated factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study with a cluster design was carried out. We administered the High-school students health survey to a sample of 9,340 students (aged 14-16 years) in the third and fourth year of Compulsory S...

BACKGROUND Some psychotropic medications (e.g., benzodiazepines, sedative antidepressants, etc.) may impair cognitive and psychomotor functions and, therefore, endanger traffic safety (Ravera, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 72(3):505-513, 2011). They affect detection, registration, and information processing, problem solving, and decision-making processes, and they also affect emotional and social aspect...