This study examines the individual behavior of workers of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shirkai, on two consecutive days of tunnel construction. In each trial, a group of 30 termite workers was observed continuously during the first 60 min of construction of a new tunnel on two consecutive days. On each day, an average of 68% of individuals did not participate in tun...

In control of a linear collider, the ground motion is one of the big problems. Various things can be considered as a factor of the ground motion, environmental vibration, atmospheric pressure variation, and the earth tides, etc. This time, we measured the slow ground motions using the tunnel of the underground hydroelectric power station "Shintoyone" located in the granite region. For the follo...

there are several methods for analysing the behaviour of underground structures under different loading conditions. most of these methods have many simplifications; therefore, in some cases, the results are too conservative and a very high safety factor, usually of more than 2 is needed. on the other hand, for stability analysis and the designing of support systems, these methods consider segme...

Coal is the dominant source of energy in China, but about 50% of the coal resource is left underground unmined. Because of this, the “long-tunnel, large section, two-stage” Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) technology has been put forward, and the UCG model platform has been built. Simulation tests are underway and some gasification parameters have been obtained. Five field trials have been c...

INTRODUCTION The issue of increasing population is a problem prevailing in all urban cities in the world. Urban congestion in Hong Kong is particularly amplified by its hilly terrain. A clear trend can be seen in recent decades all over the world with networks of transportation as well as provisions of utilities services seeking underground solutions, which in some cases is the only feasible op...

Geologic uncertainty in underground construction often leads to design and construction conservatism and hence to inflated costs. This paper presents a general model for the probabilistic prediction of tunnel geology, as a basis for developing more effective tunnel design and construction decision support systems. The geologic conditions along the tunnel alignment are modeled by a set of geolog...

This report covers 33 papers submitted to the session Numerical Analysis of Tunnels and Deep Excavations. The majority of papers (26) addresses aspects related to tunnelling, both NATM and bored tunnels. As compared to previous conferences analysis of interaction between tunnel construction and surrounding structures such as buildings and pile foundations seems to have become more important. On...

A hydrological semi-distributed model for simulating karst springs discharge is presented and applied to the Flims case study (Graubünden) and the Milandrine underground river (Jura). This model used for flood prediction and management in river basins has been adapted to karst flow and springs. The model takes into account snowmelt, glacier melt, soil infiltration, evapotranspiration as well as...

One of the most important factors affecting the design of the structures, is the impact of the earthquake loadings on the forces and the design displacements. Nevertheless, the influences of the near structures on the existing buildings, that sometimes can cause great changes in forces and displacements, can never be forgotten. Thus, the induced displacement in the adjacent buildings of a newly...