English common names are widely used in ornithological research, birding, media and by the general public and, unlike other taxa, often receive considerably greater use than scientific names. Across world, many of these were coined from 18th 19th century European perspectives symbolic a time when this was only worldview considered science. Here, we highlight formal efforts societies around worl...

We propose a method for detecting anomalous domain names, with focus on algorithmically generated domain names which are frequently associated with malicious activities such as fast flux service networks, particularly for bot networks (or botnets), malware, and phishing. Our method is based on learning a (null hypothesis) probability model based on a large set of domain names that have been whi...

this paper focused on the way names of body parts are artistically used to convey meanings and messages in kifipa, a bantu language spoken in tanzania. since the body parts metaphors are used by people to portray meanings in their daily conversations (kovecses, 2004; vierke, 2012), the paper investigated such linguistic richness in the language. methodologically, the study identified names of b...

fictional names have been one of the most important and serious topics in the contemporary philosophy of language and metaphysics.several questions such as “do fictional names refer to any objects?” “are fictional characters existent objects?” have resulted in a considerable literature of philosophy. in this essay, we will follow two objectives. first we will describe and elaborate the ideas ...

a place-name or a toponym is a word used to indicate, denote or identify a geographic locality. place-names are formed in the course of history of a region and are affected by various linguistic, social, political and cultural events. toponymy is the taxonomic study of place-names, based on etymological, historical and geographical information. this paper first defines toponym and topnymy and i...

I discuss the nature of serial homology. Mammalian teeth have a relatively dense fossil record, which permits an often close reconstruction of the evolution of patterns of serial homology. I identify the main crests of mammalian teeth, summarize their evolution, and provide new names where necessary. Serial homologies can change in evolution, originate, and disappear. They can be partial, unlik...

Salvia leriifolia Benth. (vernacular names such as Nuruozak and Jobleh) is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows exclusively in south and tropical regions of Khorasan and Semnan provinces, I. R. Iran. Unlike other species of Salvia genus, the chemical constituents of S. leriifolia are not well recognized. The stem oil of the plant consisted mainly both monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, while i...