Purpose: Wedged beam are often used in clinical radiotherapy to compensate missing tissues and dose gradients. The Elekta Precise linear accelerator supports an internal motorized wedge, which is a single large, physical wedge on a motorized carriage. In this study, the dosimetric performance of Elekta precise three dimensional treatment planning system (3DTPS) is evaluated by comparing the cal...

A new method of generating wedge-shaped dose distributions through dynamic multileaf collimator dose delivery rather than computer-controlled jaw motion is presented. The method starts with the calculation of a wedge-shaped beam profile for the desired wedge angle. The resultant wedge beam profile is then passed to the intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) leaf sequence generation algori...

Within the setting of a recently proposed model of quantum fields on noncommutative Minkowski space, the consequences of the consistent application of the proper, untwisted Poincaré group as the symmetry group are investigated. The emergent model contains an infinite family of fields which are labelled by different noncommutativity parameters, and related to each other by Lorentz transformation...

Introduction: The head scatter factor (Sc) is one of the important parameters for monitor unit (MU) calculation. There are multiple factors that impact the Sc values, such as, head structures, back scattering in to dose monitoring chambers, wedges and so on. This study aimed to investigate the variations of SC with different build-up cap materials, wall thickness, Source to ...

Recently, Grosse and Lechner introduced a novel deformation procedure for non–interacting quantum field theories, giving rise to interesting examples of wedge–localized quantum fields with a non–trivial scattering matrix. In the present article we outline an extension of this procedure to the general framework of quantum field theory by introducing the concept of warped convolutions: given a th...

We show that in renormalization group (RG) flow the low-energy states form a code subspace is approximately protected against local short-distance errors. To demonstrate how general this connection is, we consider three examples: classical Ising model one dimension, free relativistic scalar quantum field theory (QFT) two spacetime dimensions, and holographic theories as examples of strongly cou...