bream (abramis brama orientalis) is one of the most commercially valuable fish in the caspian sea. the aim of this study was to compare levels of genetic polymorphism between wild and farmed bream populations using seven microsatellite loci. genetic diversity was investigated by studying samples collected from two regions; chaboksar and the artificial propagation center of guilan province. alle...

We propose a nonparametric association analysis combining both family and unrelated case-control genotype data. Under the assumption of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we formed an affected group to compare with a group of unaffecteds.Comparison with traditional case-control chi-square test and transmission-disequilibrium test shows that this new approach has noticeably improved power. All analysis...

BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the life-threatening disorders characterized by persistent albuminuria, raised arterial blood pressure, a lowered glomerular filtration rate, and high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The vascular genes ACE (Angiotensin-converting enzyme), and PPARG (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma) are involved in alterations in vas...

We provide evidence that, in certain circumstances, a root-mean-square test of goodness of fit can be significantly more powerful than state-of-the-art tests in detecting deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Unlike Pearson's $\chi ^2$ test, the log-likelihood-ratio test, and Fisher's exact test, which are sensitive to relative discrepancies between genotypic frequencies, the root-mean-sq...

Allele frequencies for 15 short tandem repeat (STR) loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, and FGA) were obtained from 7,636 unrelated individuals of Chinese Han population living in Qinghai and Chongqing, China. Totally 206 alleles were observed, with the corresponding allele frequencies ranging from 0.0001-0.4982. C...

In this study, genetic analysis was conducted to investigate the association of angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism with clinical phenotype based on differentiation-syndrome of bronchial asthma patients. Differentiation-syndrome is a traditional Korean medicine (TKM) theory in which patients are classified into a Deficiency Syndrome Group (DSG) and an Excess Syndrome Group (...

The multinomial Dirichlet distribution was used to study the effect of correlation between observations in a sample on the frequency of rejection of the Hardy--Weinberg Law when in fact it was true in the population being sampled. It was shown that the usual X2 goodness-of-fit test of Hardy--Weinberg is very sensitive to non-multinomial sampling. In view of the lack of statistical power of the ...