We analyse the impact of interest-bearing central bank bills on financial market variables in Switzerland. The unique institutional setting allows us to identify causal effects two orthogonal shocks occurring days with bill auctions through heteroscedasticity: an overnight interest rate shock and a signalling shock. first raises modestly appreciates exchange rate. more strongly. In addition, it...

A central problem ill empirical macroeconomics is to determine when and how much the exchange rate is misaligned. This paper clarifies and calculates the concept of’ the equilibrium real exchange rate, using a structural vector auto regression (VAR) model. By imposing long—run restrictions on a VAR model for Iran, lour structural shocks are identified: nominal demand, real demand, supply and oi...

During a time of rising world interest rates, the central bank of a small open economy may be motivated to increase its own interest rate to keep from suffering a destabilizing outflow of capital and depreciation in the exchange rate. Empirically, this paper shows that this is especially true for a small open economy with a current account deficit, which relies on foreign capital inflows to fin...

I study a non-stochastic, perfect foresight, general equilibrium model with a banking system that may hold large excess reserves when the central bank pays interest on reserves. The banking system also faces a capital constraint that may or may not be binding. When the rate of interest on reserves equals the market rate, if the quantity of reserves is large and bank capital is not scarce, the p...

This paper provides a framework to analyse emergency liquidity assistance of central banks on financial markets in response to aggregate and idiosyncratic liquidity shocks. The model combines the microeconomic view of liquidity as the ability to sell assets quickly and at low costs and the macroeconomic view of liquidity as a medium of exchange that influences the aggregate price level of goods...

T he consequences of the decisions and policies taken for the reconstruction of Afghanistan during the past decade, showed that there should be paid more attention to the monetary policies. There is also a question that whether monetary policies have the potential to affect the production and inflation in Afghanistan or not. The aim of this paper is to explore this effect by designin...

The present paper incorporates a mechanism of rules-based central-bank interventions into a Dornbusch-type framework. We show that the implied reactions of exchange rates and interest rate differentials in response to a monetary shock depend crucially on the particular monetary policy feedback rule. The Dornbusch case of positively correlated and overshooting nominal and real exchange rates as ...

Since March 1998 the Central Bank of Iceland’s main instrument has been the interest rate on its repos with credit institutions. Until spring 2001 the Bank used this rate to maintain the exchange rate of the króna within its deviation band. After moving on to an inflation target that spring, the Bank has applied its policy rate towards maintaining the target. Changes in the Central Bank policy ...