in order to evaluate the delay cropping on yield and yield component of two canola cultivars and selecting the best genotype and row spacing, an experiment was conducted at three years (2007, 2008 and 2009) in gorgan research station. this experiment was arranged in spilt-factorial based on randomized complete block design with four sowing dates (28 oct., 12 and 28 nov. and 12 dec.) as main plo...

Many investors seek income for its consistency and ability to dampen volatility. High-quality fixed income securities historically provided investors with a reasonable income stream, but since the 2008 financial crisis, global economic conditions and central bank policies have caused yields to fall to historic lows. To realize even modest income levels, investors may need to consider assuming m...

In the asset pricing literature, time-variation in market expected excess return captured by financial ratios like dividend yield is typically viewed as a reflection of either changing risk, related to the business cycle, or irrational mispricing. Extending the work on asset allocation and dividend yield by Kandel and Stambaugh (1996) to accommodate variation in risk as well as expected return,...

This paper estimates a consumption-based, no-arbitrage model of the term structure of real interest rates. The model nests the standard long-run risk model which assumes constant market prices of risk. We find that the long-run consumption risk dominates the short-run and volatility risks and drives most of the movements of bond risk premiums. The risk premium for consumption volatility is nega...

This paper develops a model to estimate the implied default probability of corporate bonds. The model explicitly considers the risk averse behavior of investors to provide a more precise framework for estimating the implied default probability. A Kalman filter method is used to estimate time-varying risk premium associated with the investor's risk aversion. The results of nonlinear regressions ...

CONTENTS Introduction: Handling multiple risk factors 1. Methodological introduction 2. Non-parallel risk, duration bucketing and partial durations 3. Limitations of key rate duration analysis I Principal component analysis 1. Definition and examples from US Treasury market 2. Meaningfulness of factors: dependence on dataset 3. Correlation structure and other limitations of the approach II Inte...

We proposed a method to quantify the yield of an IT-investment portfolio in an environment of uncertainty and risk. For various common implementation scenarios such as growing demands during implementation without deadline extensions we showed how to monetize their impact on the net present value. Depending on the business case this can lead to higher or lower gains. We also took failure of pro...