در این مقاله، هدف طراحی و ساخت سامانه تشخیصی پروب لانگمویر جهت اندازه ­گیری پارامترهای پلاسما دستگاه گداخت به ­روش محصورسازی الکترواستاتیکی اینرسی ایران (IR-IECF) به­ منظور مشخصه­ یابی چشمه‌­ی پلاسمایی می‌­باشد. بدین‌­منظور، یک برای اندازه‌­گیری مختلف از جمله دمای الکترون­، چگالی الکترون، یون، پتانسیل ساخته شده است. با نظر گرفتن مشخصات چشمه IR-IECF، الکترود مورد استفاده مفتول جنس تنگستن قطر طول...

This study determined the effects of cold storage on the survival, development and reproduction of the mymarid wasp, Gonatocerus ashmeadi Girault (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Following storage of the immature parasitoids within host eggs of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) under a daily fluctuating temperature for up to 50 d, the quality of...

Two systemic neonicotinoids, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, are widely used for residual control of several insect pests in cotton (Gossypium spp.), vegetables, and citrus (Citrus spp.). We evaluated their impact on six species of beneficial arthropods, including four parasitoid species--Aphytis melinus Debach, Gonatocerus ashmeadi Girault, Eretmocerus eremicus Rose & Zolnerowich, and Encarsia ...

Egg maturation and oosorption in Gonatocerus ashmeadi were investigated in the laboratory and the relationship between hind tibia length (HTL) and <12 h egg load, and wing wear and parasitoid age were determined. G. ashmeadi given access to honey-water and hosts, on average, matured 77 eggs in excess of those they were born with. The number of mature eggs in female G. ashmeadi provided honey-wa...