Sharp bending of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) plays an essential role in genome structure and function. However, the elastic limit of dsDNA bending remains controversial. Here, we measured the opening rates of small dsDNA loops with contour lengths ranging between 40 and 200 bp using single-molecule Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer. The relationship of loop lifetime to loop size revealed a...

Records from lake sediment cores are critical for assessing the relative stability of climate and ecosystems over the Holocene. Duck Lake in south-central Lower Michigan, USA, was the focus of a study that identified how changes in the geochemical variables in lake sediments relate to variations in regional climate and local land use during the Holocene. More than 8.5 m of lacustrine sediment w...

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) produced by primary production in the sunlit ocean can be physically transported to mesopelagic zone. The majority of DOC exported this zone is remineralized heterotrophic microbes over a range timescales. Capturing deep convective mixing event rare, as observing how respond situ DOC. Here, we report ship and Argo float observations from hydrostation North Atlanti...

b ackground: the aim of the present study was to determine the molecular characteristics of echinococcus granulosus from paraffin-embedded tissues of hydatid cysts isolated from human and protoscoleces of hydatid cysts from sheep, cattle and camel isolates using pcr- rflp of its1- rdna analysis in golestan province, northern iran. m ethods: e . granulosus isolates from human patients infected w...

To further understand Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis, the regulation of potential virulence genes needs to be investigated. The eis gene of M. tuberculosis H37Rv enhances the intracellular survival of Mycobacterium smegmatis, which does not contain eis, within macrophages (J. Wei, J. L. Dahl, J. W. Moulder, E. A. Roberts, P. O'Gaora, D. B. Young, and R. L. Friedman, J. Bacteriol. 182:3...

Correlations were made between weight change (as an index of volume loss) and blood pressure (BP) reduction before and after hydrochlorothiazide treatment. A total of 343 patients with mild to moderate hypertension (95-114 mm Hg) received hydrochlorothiazide alone. The diuretic was titrated from 50 to 100 to 200 mg daily as needed until the diastolic BP fell below 90 mm Hg (goal BP) or side eff...

A 14 kb maize DNA fragment carrying nuclear rRNA genes and spacer regions was isolated and characterised by restriction enzyme mapping. A complete 3020 bp long external spacer region was sequenced and revealed 9 tandemly arranged 200 bp long repeat units with high homology. The repeat units lie upstream from two prominent S1 mapping signals. The sequence of a typical repeat unit is compared to ...

Objectives. To assess cardiovascular risk factors in Nepalese population with subclinical hypothyroidism as compared to age and sex matched controls. Materials and Methods. A case control study was conducted among 200 subjects (100 subclinical hypothyroid and 100 euthyroid) at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. Demographic and anthropometric variables including systolic a...

Lakes in coastal lowland areas represent a critically vulnerable environment as transitional space between freshwater and seawater environments. The paleoenvironmental reconstruction anthropogenic impact are assessed through the lake sediment cores from Velo, Malo, Kolanjsko Blato using multi-proxy analyses (sedimentological, mineralogical, geochemical, 137Cs ostracod analyses, AMS 14C radiocar...