Bioinformatics is an emerging field of science emphasizing the application of mathematics, statistics, and informatics to study and analysis of very large molecular biological (mostly, genetic and genomic) systems (data sets). In a comparatively broader setup of large biological systems without necessarily having a predominant genetic undercurrent, and having genesis in biometry to biostatistic...

In this paper, we show that the Chapman-Kolmogorov formula could be used as a recursive formula for computing the m-step-ahead conditional density of a Markov bilinear model. The stationary marginal probability density function of the model may be approximated by the m-step-ahead conditional density for sufficiently large m.

In this paper, we present an efficient look-ahead technique based on both the Language Model (LM) Look-Ahead and the Acoustic Model (AM) Look-Ahead, for the time-synchronous beam search in the large vocabulary speech recognition. In this so-call stage based look-ahead (SLA) technique, two predicting processes with different hypothesis evaluating criteria are organized by stages according to the...

The Quality of Service (QoS) reservations in Differentiated Service (DiffServ) networks can be classified into two sets: Book-ahead (BA) requests and Instantaneous Requests (IRs). When an admitted BA request becomes active, some ongoing IRs is dropped when the bandwidth is insufficient for supporting both IRs and BA requests. The admission control should predict the lifetime, i.e. look-ahead ti...

Wal-Mart is the largest company in the world, yet little is known about its economic impact. This essay discusses what is known about Wal-Mart’s competitive advantage and its economic impact on local communities, as well as the national and global economy, and highlights the open questions to be addressed by future research. JEL Codes: L11, L25, L81