The fast growth of air traac that began during the 80's raises some questions about what future Air Traac Control (ATC) systems will need to be. A major change will probably be required within a 30 years timeframe. Fortunately, recent developments in air navigation systems provide new opportunities for eecient autonomous navigation. Several studies have been conducted in order to develop automa...

This paper identifies the complex ways in which technical, organisational and political constraints shape the decisions and actions taken by national and international safety organisations. In particular, we assess the interventions made by Swiss Federal agencies and by the Air Navigation Service provider (ANSP) following the Überlingen mid-air collision in July 1 2002. Later sections show that...

Distance measuring equipment (DME)/Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) has been serving aviation for approximately 60 years. It has been a primary navigation aid in the national airspace (NAS) for much of that time with its basic operations little changed since its inception. However, future airspace will demand greater navigation performance to support higher traffic levels and more efficient oper...

This paper presents a short contribution in air transportation, specifically in scheduling aircraft (plane) landings at Léopol Sédar Senghor (LSS) airport of Dakar. The safety of air navigation of LSS is managed by ASECNA: Agency for Air Navigation Safety in Africa and Madagascar. Scheduling aircraft landing is the problem of deciding a landing time on an appropriate runway for each aircraft in...

A 68-year-old woman with interstitial lung disease related to dermatomyositis and systemic scleroderma was admitted to our hospital with fever and dyspnoea. Although the fever was reduced after antibiotic therapy, a left pneumothorax suddenly occurred on day 27 after admission. A continuous air leak persisted despite chest drainage with three tubes and repeated pleurodesis. Chest computed tomog...

taking off in low cloud ceilings. When flying IFR, pilots rely on navigation instruments in conjunction with instructions from air traffic control agencies issuing clearances for routes and altitudes. In congested areas, air traffic controllers essentially “steer” aircraft using radar vectoring. To ensure an orderly flow of traffic, most phases of flight must follow a track, or flight path, tha...