Until ten years ago the grids of lead-acid batteries were usually made of lead-antimony alloys containing 5-11 wt. % antimony. The necessary mechanical strength and castability are easily achieved with this content of antimony. However, the unavoidable corrosion of the positive grid liberates antimony from the grid, which proves to be both unfavorable as well as unfavorable with respect to batt...

This study investigated antimony exposure among employees in industries in Taiwan and evaluated whether their immunologic markers were associated with antimony exposure. We recruited 91 male workers and 42 male office administrators from 2 glass manufacturing plants, 1 antimony trioxide manufacturing plants, and 2 engineering plastic manufacturing plants. Air samples were collected at worksites...

The inability of sodium antimony gluconate (SAG)-unresponsive kala-azar patients to clear Leishmania donovani (LD) infection despite SAG therapy is partly due to an ill-defined immune-dysfunction. Since dendritic cells (DCs) typically initiate anti-leishmanial immunity, a role for DCs in aberrant LD clearance was investigated. Accordingly, regulation of SAG-induced activation of murine DCs foll...

Antimony oxides, in combination with halogens, have been used as flame retardants in textiles since the 1960s. Uniforms made from fabric containing antimony are common among the estimated 1.1 million firefighters in the United States. In October 2008, CDC received a report from the fire chief of a fire department in Florida (fire department A) regarding an outbreak of antimony toxicity among 30...

This study estimated the dietary exposure to antimony of secondary school students in Hong Kong and assessed the associated health risks. Dietary exposure to antimony was estimated using the local food consumption data obtained from secondary school students in 2000 and the concentrations of antimony in food samples taken from the local market. Laboratory analysis for antimony was conducted by ...

Antimony (Sb) is a toxic metalloid that occurs widely at trace concentrations in soil, aquatic systems, and the atmosphere. Nowadays, with the development of its new industrial applications and the corresponding expansion of antimony mining activities, the phenomenon of antimony pollution has become an increasingly serious concern. In recent years, research interest in Sb has been growing and r...

Introduction Passive case detection and treatment constitute the principal and often the sole measure of control for dermal leishmaniasis in Central and South America yet pentavalent antimonials, the first line therapy, are often ineffective. Treatment failure is frequent and concerning in the management of cutaneous leishmaniasis in South America. Overall non-response is of the order of 24% ba...

Antimony is one of the many drugs which has been advocated in the tr eatment of leprosy. ·In the Pretoria Leper Institution we find it useful in various types of cases. We agree with Muir (1) that it has "the power of controlling the condition of lepra reaction," and we use it as a routine for erythema nodosum leproticum. Incidentally we are also using insulin for this condition as recommended ...

beginning of a spectacular career for antimony in chemistry and medicine" (p. 14). The internal use of antimony and its compounds was most widespread during the seventeenth century: despite periodic warnings about its poisonous nature, its apparent ability to expel undesirable humours from the body by promoting sweating, vomiting and purging-ensured its acceptance in medical practice, particula...