The reason for writing this article was long-term residence in the city, with a number of negative factors, both natural and anthropogenic. Being an integral part nature, man managed to plunder its wealth, directing everything his needs. Moreover, changing environment suit needs, he no way thought about consequences, polluting air, land water every day, also depriving nature opportunity put its...

In this paper we consider some of the basic design principles that should support the development of future DRM systems. We begin by discussing some of the problems associated with current DRM environments, and how they might be alleviated through the adoption of an open architectural framework based on basic design principles. We then demonstrate a particular implementation referred to as the ...

nature and the attitude towards nature have been two fundamental concepts historically used in interpretation of world, science and arts resulting to various definitions during different periods of human thought.nature and the attitude towards nature have been two fundamental concepts historically used in interpretation of world, science and arts resulting to various definitions during differen...

Tomorrow’s architectural practitioners seemingly need to gain an overview of, if not master, a wide range of computer aided architectural design applications, from image making to Building Information Modelling (BIM) to digital fabrication. However, we are sceptical whether there is wide recognition that there is value in a broader appreciation of the underlying principles that organize these a...

This paper presents experiences of verifying architectural design rules of the NASA Core Flight Software (CFS) product line implementation. The goal of the verification is to check whether the implementation is consistent with the CFS’ architectural rules derived from the developer’s guide. The results indicate that consistency checking helps a) identifying architecturally significant deviation...

Most large enterprises are facing numerous challenges concerning their information systems, IS, and information and communication technology, ICT. Today, many enterprises employ a considerable number of applications that often have redundant functionality. There is also a large diversification in the ICT products and technologies employed. Further, integration costs are a major issue in almost ...

Both software engineering research community and standardisation organisations recognized a need for a general standard as a guideline for modelling software architectures. Even though the ANSI/IEEE Standard 1471 provides a widely applicable reference model for that purpose, it merely identifies a need of a rationale for the architectural concepts selected, but does not include any further prin...