[1] A three‐dimensional large‐eddy simulation with size‐resolved ice microphysics was used to model persistent contrails and compute their optical depth and area coverage. Eleven cases were run with various levels of vertical wind shear, aircraft type, relative humidity, ice nuclei effective emission index, and atmospheric stability and were analyzed with respect to their fluid dynamics and ice...

An increase in average air temperature and frequency of rain events is predicted for higher latitudes by the end of the 21st century, accompanied by a probable rise in air humidity. We currently lack knowledge on how forest trees acclimate to rising air humidity in temperate climates. We analysed the leaf gas exchange, sap flow and growth characteristics of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × P. tr...

Middle to upper tropospheric humidity plays a large role in determining terrestrial outgoing longwave radiation. Much work has gone into improving the accuracy of humidity measurements made by radiosondes. Some radiosonde humidity sensors experience a dry bias caused by solar heating. During the austral summers of 2002/03 and 2003/04 at Dome C, Antarctica, Vaisala RS90 radiosondes were launched...

The Microwave Humidity and Temperature sounder (MWHTS) on board the Fengyun (FY)-3C satellite measure the outgoing radiance form the Earth surface and atmospheric constituents. MWHTS makes measurements in the isolated oxygen absorption line near 118 GHz and the vicinity of strong water vapor line around 183 GHz, can provide fine vertical distribution structure of both atmospheric humidity and t...

Abstract: The microwave humidity and temperature sounder (MWHTS) on the Fengyun (FY)-3C satellite measures the outgoing radiance from the Earth’s surface and atmospheric constituents. MWHTS, which makes measurements in the isolated oxygen absorption line near 118 GHz and the vicinity of the strong water vapor absorption line around 183 GHz, can provide fine vertical distribution structures of b...

Water in its three ambient phases plays the central thermodynamic role in the terrestrial climate system. Clouds control Earth's radiation balance, atmospheric water vapour is the strongest "greenhouse" gas, and non-equilibrium relative humidity at the air-sea interface drives evaporation and latent heat export from the ocean. In this paper, we examine the climatologically relevant atmospheric ...

Rising rates of invasive fungal infections may be linked to global climate change. A study was made of the trend of ophthalmic fungal corneal keratitis in the greater Cairo area of Egypt and its association with climate records during the same period. Data on diagnosed cases of fungal keratitis were collected from records of ophthalmic departments of Cairo University hospital and atmospheric te...

Most significantly, user customized control for a sound of digital audio in a smart home must be able to adjust many environmental contexts simultaneously. A sound is affected by a temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure. And user must tune the sound of digital audio every time according to environmental contexts. In this paper, we developed a customized user interface for a remote cont...

One of the most frequently corrosion type is the atmospheric corrosion. Carbon steel behavior at atmospheric corrosion is presented on base of the literature data study. This has been reported to account for more failures in terms of cost and tonnage than any other type. About 80% from all degradations produced by corrosion in the metallic constructions are due to the atmospheric corrosion. The...