Let A ⊇ D ⊆ B be two von Neumann algebras together with a common Cartan subalgebra. Then the amalgamated free product M = A ∗D B with respect to the unique conditional expectations from A, B onto D can be considered. In our previous paper [U1], the questions of its factoriality and type classification were discussed in detail, which will be reviewed in §4. The main purpose of the paper is to gi...

The provision of ontologies for spatial entities is an important topic in spatial information theory. Heyting algebras, co-Heyting algebras, and bi-Heyting algebras are structures having considerable potential for the theoretical basis of these ontologies. This paper gives an introduction to these Heyting structures, and provides evidence of their importance as algebraic theories of sets of reg...

We prove that certain free products of factors of type I and other von Neumann algebras with respect to nontracial, almost periodic states are almost periodic free Araki-Woods factors. In particular, they have the free absorption property and Connes’ Sd invariant completely classifies these free products. For example, for λ, μ ∈]0, 1[, we show that (M2(C), ωλ) ∗ (M2(C), ωμ) is isomorphic to the...

the decomposition $gamma=bh$ of a group $gamma$ into a subset $b$ and a subgroup $h$ of $gamma$ induces, under general conditions, a group-like structure for $b$, known as a gyrogroup. the famous concrete realization of a gyrogroup, which motivated the emergence of gyrogroups into the mainstream, is the space of all relativistically admissible velocities along with a binary operation given by t...