The concept of responsibility underlies many legal rules and remedies. For the most part, criminal liability is incurred only in respect of acts for which the accused is considered responsible; and civil liability is incurred only in respect of loss or damage for which the defendant is considered responsible. However, it seems often to be suggested that questions of responsibility are matters f...

Civil remedies are procedures and sanctions, specified by civil statutes and regulations, used to prevent or reduce criminal problems and incivilities. Civil remedies generally aim to persuade or coerce nonoffending third parties to take responsibility and action to prevent or end criminal or nuisance behavior. Early examples of civil remedy approaches typically targeted non-offending third par...

arbitrator is a private judge. he accepts a judicial function by a contract. all legal systems (common and civil law) have been recognized this contract and the arbitrator’s judicial function. leave or violation of duties by the arbitrator can be followed by the different sanctions including civil, criminal and disciplinary, but the common law and civil law start from the opposite directions to...

This exploratory study investigates how nine London-based civil engineers have enacted ‘global responsibility’ and their efforts involve ethics professionalism. The assesses moral philosophies related to ethics, as well professional engineering bodies’ visions, accreditation standards, requirements for continuing development. Regarding the questions where line falls between what an engineer ‘mu...

The Supreme Court decision O'Connor v. Donaldson (1975) has been widely interpreted to assert that dangerousness is a constitutional requirement for civil commitment. This interpretation is a misreading of the decision, which actually addressed the conditions disallowing indefinite, involuntary custodial confinement and not the requirements for an initial commitment. An excessive reliance on da...

As parallel and co-dependent entities, Indonesia's civil government and military (TNI) defy many of the most basic precepts of conventional civil-military relations theory. By analyzing the unique Indonesian relationship between these two entities, this essay supplements conventional theory. Judging the TNI against three criteria-responsibility, expertise, and corporatenesshttp://www.hawaii.edu...