background: postoperative periorbital edema and ecchymosis are common after rhinoplasty. we studied the effect of local injection of lidocaine/adrenaline immediately before osteotomy on prevention of post-operative periorbital edema and ecchymosis in rhinoplasty. m aterials and methods: thirty healthy candidates for rhinoplasty were enrolled in the self-controlled clinical trial study. lidocain...

A patient who had had successful operation for a common atrium subsequently developed subaortic stenosis and regurgitation several years later. The diagnosis of subaortic lesion was confirmed by echocardiography. This case shows that the left ventricular outflow tract gradient should be measured before operation for common atrium and that after operation such cases should be examined by cross s...

A patient who had had successful operation for a common atrium subsequently developed subaortic stenosis and regurgitation several years later. The diagnosis of subaortic lesion was confirmed by echocardiography. This case shows that the left ventricular outflow tract gradient should be measured before operation for common atrium and that after operation such cases should be examined by cross s...

background: the objectives of an educational system in a society are based on society's requirements. since personnel knowledge and skill are not qualified with the advantages of science and invention of new tools, new needs are arisen. comparing the curriculum of undergraduate course of operating room of our country with international societies, it seems that this curriculum is not a good one ...

The Pacemaker Clinic at Shahid Rajai Cardiovascular Research Center first started operating in August 1992. In its first year of operation, 294 permanent pacemaker patients were studied, allowing an appraisal to be carried out of the clinic's effectiveness in diagnosing and treating early complications. In the final analysis, pacemaker complications were observed in 68 (23%) patients, of wh...

OBJECTIVE To study regional wall motion of the systemic ventricle in patients after the Fontan operation. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Systemic ventricular angiograms of 15 patients after the Fontan operation and of 11 unoperated patients with a univentricular atrioventricular connection were digitised frame by frame. Strict criteria for abnormal wall motion were used so that minor abnormalities were ...

Description logics are a popular formalism for knowledge representation and reasoning. This paper introduces a new operation for description logics: computing the \least common subsumer" of a pair of descriptions. This operation computes the largest set of commonalities between two descriptions. After arguing for the usefulness of this operation, we analyze it by relating computation of the lea...

In this paper, we analyze and compare the Erlang capacity of multi-access systems supporting several different radio access technologies according to two different operation methods: separate and common operation methods. In the common operation, any terminal can connect to any sub-system while each terminal in the separate operation only can connect to its designated sub-system. In a numerical...