Complex regional pain syndrome is a refractory pain condition with few tested therapies. We hypothesized that botulinum toxin A (BTA) would prolong analgesia after sympathetic blocks in patients with complex regional pain syndrome. We compared the duration of standard lumbar sympathetic block (LSB) with bupivacaine to LSB with bupivacaine and BTA in nine patients with refractory complex regiona...

Addiction is a hindrance in the long term treatment of complex regional pain syndrome(CRPS) because addiction in itself aggravates CRPS, causes stress in the sympathetic nervous system resulting in more severe sympathetic dysfunction, and results in perpetual presence of rebound (withdrawal) pain. Descriptors. addiction, competition, destruction, complex regional pain syndrome(CRPS), rebound ph...