complex regional pain syndrome (crps) is a variety of painful conditions following injury which appears regionally having a distal predominance of abnormal findings. this study, evaluate the use of phentolamine for sympathetic block and regional anesthesia in treatment of crps related pain. in this study, 68 patients with crps who were referred to pain clinics of imam hossein and akhtar hospita...

abstract explaining the etiology of complex regional pain syndrome (crps) from the psychogenic model is exceedingly unsophisticated, because neurocognitive deficits, neuroanatomical abnormalities, and distortions in cognitive mapping are features of crps pathology. more importantly, many people who have developed crps have no history of mental illness. the psychogenic model offers comfort to ph...

Complex regional pain syndrome is a chronic pain condition characterized by autonomic and inflammatory features. It occurs acutely in about 7% of patients who have limb fractures, limb surgery, or other injuries. Many cases resolve within the first year, with a smaller subset progressing to the chronic form. This transition is often paralleled by a change from "warm complex regional pain syndro...

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) represents a state of constant and often disabling pain, affecting one region (usually hand) and often occurs after a trauma whose severity does not correlate with the level of pain. The older term for this condition of chronic pain associated with motor and autonomic symptoms is reflex sympathetic dystrophy or causalgia. The aim of this review, based on co...

(formerly known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy) elicits in absence of any obvious nerve injury, whereas CRPS Type II (previously termed causalgia) is associated with injury to a major peripheral nerve. However, the clinical presentations of the two types are normally indistinguishable. Limb fracture is the most common traumatic event that precedes CRPS. Lesions of the central nervous system, e...

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a poorly understood painful condition. There is pain in a limb, usually associated with sensory, motor, autonomic, skin and bone abnormalities. The symptoms are severe and have a debilitating effect. Often there is a history of trauma but the effects are disproportionate to the severity of the injury. It usually only affects one limb but in 7% of people ...

INTRODUCTION Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition that can occur after a minor trauma or surgery. It is a multifactorial condition with a complex cause and even more complex pathophysiology. There are disturbances and changes in the sympathetic, somatosensory and motor nervous system, resulting in severe pain and disability. Patients with CRPS can have their quality...

CRPS is a syndrome usually affecting one or more extremities, but may affect other parts of the body. It is a disabling disease with simultaneous involvement of nerve, skin, muscle, blood vessels, and bones. CRPS is characterized by “regional”, not focal, disproportionate pain and multiple symptoms in addition to pain, which may include changes in skin blood flow resulting in a warm or cool ext...

As suggested by this article, considerable advances in clinical management and research have taken place during the past 20 years. Although mechanisms underlying the pain syndrome CRPS I and CRPS II remain far from one's understanding, glimpses of the pathophysiology are beginning to take shape. There is now strong evidence that these syndromes exemplify a complex neurologic disease involving t...