Excerpt] The Manifesto of the Communist Party, published 150 years ago in London in February 1848, is one of the most influential and widely-read documents of the past two centuries. The historian A. J. P. Taylor (1967, p. 7) has called it a "holy book," and contends that because of it, "everyone thinks differently about politics and society." And yet, despite its enormous influence in the 20th...

OBJECTIVE To provide information on the history of maternal phenylketonuria. METHODS A review of the literature and personal observations were conducted. RESULTS Compilation of sequential information about the development of our understanding of maternal PKU was produced. CONCLUSIONS The history of maternal PKU reflects continuous additions to our understanding of this teratogenic syndrome.

It is difficult for us, who have been nurtured by streams of biological thought which had their source in the cell doctrine, to realize that Schwann gave out his epoch-making pronouncement less than one hundred years ago. At that time it was a theory only and was based on none too certain evidence, but it was accepted universally almost at once and has been followed by such a wealth of confirma...

Interaction between a membrane oscillator generated by voltage-dependent ion channels and an intracellular calcium signal oscillator was present in the earliest models (1984 to 1985) using representations of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Oscillatory release of calcium is inherent in the calcium-induced calcium release process. Those historical results fully support the synthesis proposed in the a...

In this paper we present an overview of colour spaces used in electrical engineering and image processing. We stress the importance of the perceptual, historical and applicational background that led to a colour space. The colour spaces presented are : RGB, opponent-colours spaces, phenomenal colour spaces, CMY, CMYK, TV colour spaces (YUV and YIQ), PhotoYCC, CIE XYZ, Lab and Luv colour spaces....

Given that Peighambarieh street in the historical context And valuable Qazvin, Which has historical and cultural, But it seems This street appeared during the time period until today, There were many inconsistencies, Therefore, it is necessary that this study, considering all the physical and non-cellular factors affecting the range, Provide solutions for it. Research Objectives include: 1- Rec...