which plural medical systems emerge; how the Vietnamese have incorporated and transformed values and practices from elsewhere for their own benefit; and early examples of how Vietnamese women’s personal private reproductive lives became of concern to the state. Childbirth, Maternity, and Medical Pluralism in French Colonial Vietnam, 1880– 1945 provides valuable historical antecedents to contemp...

the present article attempts to investigate the power of imagination and creativity of a writer qualified as one of the extraordinarily gifted individuals of world literature. in one of his works which is totally different from other works of the nineteenth century, the writer, lautréamont utilizes valiantly all dark powers protruding from his reflections and mental and contemplative background...

In 1870, a thirty-one-year-old professeur at a French provincial lycée published a work whose goal was no less than to foment a revolution within the tradition of French psychological investigation. La psychologie anglaise contemporaine (1870), by normalien Théodule Ribot, might seem an unlikely title for a piece of intellectual bomb throwing. Under the guise of surveying developments within En...

The aim of this paper is to describe the presence phenomenon emigration in Konstanty Gaszyński’s French articles published “Le Mémorial d’Aix” (1837–1841). Polish writer recalls November Uprising and first experiences his exile Belgium, he explores Provence as a land from ages introduces immigrants other than those nationality world represented through short stories press articles. main interes...

In his article "Collaborative Authorship and Indigenous Literatures" Albert Braz discusses the duality of the writer. At least since the advent of poststructuralism, the distinction between writer and author — the first being the historical person behind the text and the second a figure in the text — has been a paradigm of contemporary critical analysis. Braz argues that this new emphasis is no...

Writer-based and reader-based views of text-meaning are reflected by the respective questions “What is the author trying to tell me?” and “What does this text mean to me personally?” Contemporary computational linguistics, however, generally takes neither view. But this is not adequate for the development of sophisticated applications such as intelligence gathering and question answering. I dis...

meena alexander, a contemporary indian-american writer and a professor of english literature and women’s studies. the criticism of dr. alexander’s poetry and prose brings in many issues that draws upon poststructuralism and postcolonialism. to mention a few, the negotiation of fragmented identity, the problem of belonging, and the challenge of living in a female body are among her concerns. wha...

The first play by the contemporary French writer Éric-Emanuel Schmitt, Night in Valognes (La Nuit de Valognes, 1989), represents a completely new interpretation of myth originating from 17th century, and celebrated writings many subsequent authors, Tirso Molina, over Molière Mozart, to Ballester Handke. is situated castle northern France, taking place some thirty years after well-known adventur...