PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate (HA) eye drops for the treatment of diabetic ocular surface diseases in mice. METHODS Male 6- to 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice underwent induction of type 1 diabetes with intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin, with normal mice as the control. Topical 0.3% HA, 0.1% HA, 0.4% polyethylene glycol eye drops, and normal saline were administere...

AIM Due to the immune privilege of the anterior eye chamber, the success rate of corneal transplantation can reach 90%. The aim of this study was to determine cytokine profile in aqueous humor of patients undergoing corneal transplantation, and to establish whether cytokine profile at the time of surgery influenced corneal graft outcome. METHODS Proinflammatory (TNF-beta and IFN-gamma) and im...

Langerhans cells (LC) in normal human corneas (with the exception of newborns) lack thymocyte antigen T6, a highly specific marker for noncorneal LC. Because corneal LC could not be induced to express T6 antigen when cultured with various cytokines including interleukin-1 (shown to modulate T6 expression on gingival LC), some authors assume that corneal LC may represent a distinct LC subpopulat...

PURPOSE To investigate in vivo morphology of corneal filaments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Over a 12-year period, 19 patients with corneal filaments (7 with keratoconjunctivitis sicca and 12 with other surface diseases) were examined with the slit lamp and photographed by non-contact photomicrography. RESULTS The filaments appeared as variously long and thick threads, attached at one or both end...

dear editor:   sir, rabies is an important neurological infection. it is deadly and it is not possible to treat it. despite the attempt for rabies control via animal control and rabies vaccination, there are many reported cases of rabies in each year. basically, the transmission of rabies is due to animal bite. recently, the new mode of rabies transmission, human to human, via transplantation i...

Corneal confocal microscopy is a novel clinical technique for the study of corneal cellular structure. It provides images which are comparable to in-vitro histochemical techniques delineating corneal epithelium, Bowman's layer, stroma, Descemet's membrane and the corneal endothelium. Because, corneal confocal microscopy is a non invasive technique for in vivo imaging of the living cornea it has...

Neurotrophic keratitis (also called neurotrophic keratopathy) (NTK) is a degenerative disease of the cornea, accompanied with neurogenic inflammation. It caused by sensitive innervation loss trigeminal nerve and characterized reduced sensitivity cornea retardation its healing process. NTC-causing damage to can occur at different levels-from nucleus terminals located in be ocular systemic diseas...

Innate immune responses in the cornea mainly play an important role to mobilize multiple interrelated pathways of corneal lipid, which involve in inflammatory corneal diseases. Signaling lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid (AA) control cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and migration, are known as eicosanoids, phosphoinositides, sphingolipids, and fatty acids. Emerging evidenc...

In order to achieve prolong corneal contact time of norfloxacin(NFX) for treatment of extra ocular diseases, a pH triggered nanoparticulate in situ gelling system was designed to explore dual advantage of nanoparticles and in situ gelling system, for its ocular delivery. NFX loaded nanocarriers were developed by ionotropic gelation technique using chitosan as a matrix forming polymer, cross-lin...