This paper proposes a decentralized control technique to minimize the total operation cost of a DC microgrid in both grid-connected and islanded modes. In this study, a cost-based droop control scheme based on the hourly bids of all participant distributed generators (DGs) and the hourly energy price of the utility is presented. An economic power sharing technique among various types of DG unit...

as one way to approach industrial symbiosis, environmental infrastructure sharing is principally concerned with providing an integrated environmental utility system for clustered firms. it is based on the assumption that environmental infrastructure sharing can improve the regional competitive advantage by reducing overall cost and improving environmental performance. in order to verify the ass...

Background: Teriparatide is a new agent serves as a treatment of choice for severe post-menopausal osteoporotic patients who are at a high risk of fracture or have failed or been intolerant of previous osteoporosis therapy. The objective of this study is estimating the cost-utility of Teriparatide compared with no treatment from health system perspective in Iran. Method: A microsimulation...

The authors of the paper ‘Costeffectiveness of a community-based screening programme for chronic atrial fibrillation in Japan’ aimed to perform a cost-utility analysis of an annual community screening programme and to compare three strategies: annual screening with ECG, annual screening with pulse palpation for arrhythmia followed by ECG when arrhythmia was detected, and no screening. The autho...

The allocation of risks among the contracting parties in a contract is an important decision affecting the project success. Some risks in a project are uncontrollable; these are imposed to a project by external factors. Since contracting parties can neither control nor affect the occurrence of such risks, their allocation to a party would be inequitable. Therefore the cost overrun related to un...