background; dithiocarbamates, the main group of fungicides, are used to control about 400 pathogens in more than 70 crops. these pesticides are widely applied to crops including potato, cereal, apple, pear and leafy vegetables throughout the world since 1960. from the late 1980s, using these fungicides has caused much debate among regulators about their long-term effects on consumers and occupa...

An experiment was conducted to find out the efficacy of garlic tablets in controlling seed-borne fungal pathogens of cucumber. Suspention of garlic tablet was prepared in water at the concentrations of 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6. Seeds of cucumber were treated with the suspentions for 15 minutes. Seeds under control were treated with plain water. Seven fungal pathogens, namely Aspergillus flavus, As...

Background: Dithiocarbamates, the main group of fungicides, are used to control about 400 pathogens in more than 70 crops. These pesticides are widely applied to crops including potato, cereal, apple, pear and leafy vegetables throughout the world since 1960. From the late 1980s, using these fungicides has caused much debate among regulators about their long-term effects on consumers and occupa...

low cereal and legumes yields and their rwp index are mainly due to poor distribution of rainfall and poor agronomic management practices. rainfed barley yield and rain water productivity (rwp, defined as rainfed grain yield divided by the total crop season annual rainfall water) in the dry farming are considerable by topography and latitude. yield data, rainfall, altitude and latitude of 182 p...

Increasing productive water use in agriculture is seen as paramount to meet future food demand with limited supplies. The main objective of this paper gain a better understanding the interrelated linkages between crop productivity (CWP) and applied (AWP) affected by irrigation management decisions order assess impact economic decision making on CWP AWP under area-limiting water-limiting conditi...

abstract intensive and inefficient use of energy leads to degradation of natural resources and environmental problems. this study evaluated the relationship between the energy of consumed inputs and yield of tomato, cucumber and melon using the cobb–douglas production function. the data were collected from 90 farmers in firoozabad using a questionnaire. the farmers were chosen by simple random ...

The aim of the present study was to improve the chilling tolerance of cucumber seedlings. The conditioned seeds in solutions of salicylic or jasmonic acid in concentrations of 10-2, 10-3 or 10-4 M or brassinolide in concentrations of 10-6, 10-8 or 10-10 M were subjected to temperature shock of 0, 2.5, 5, 35, 40 or 45°C for 1, 2 or 4 hours. Seedlings with 3 mm roots were chilled at 0°C for three...

A total of 231 different soil Streptomyces isolates were recovered from 16 different locations in North Jordan. They were assessed for their phytotoxic activity on seeds of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) placed adjacent to a 2 cm wide Streptomyces culture strips grown at 28C degrees for 3 weeks on starch casein nitrate (SCN) agar. Phytotoxicity was ascertained on...

Although water is crucial to the performance of preemergence herbicides, pesticide performance has rarely been related to irrigation management. This 2-yr study investigated the effect that amount of irrigation water applied had on activity of simazine. Three rates of simazine at 0, 1.12, and 2.24 kg/ha were applied to a 3-yr-old nectarine orchard that was irrigated with microsprinklers. The pe...