alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive and other cns impairments which is increasing worldwide and poses a major public health problem, yet no effective treatments are found and available drugs only alleviate the symptoms temporarily. postmortem analyses on the brains of ad patients and observed lower risk of ad in nsaids users among other studies hav...

objective(s): according to the occupationally risk of infection in staff workers who have direct contact with mycobacterium species, we investigated their immunological parameters and compared with healthy purified protein derivative (ppd) negative volunteers.   materials and methods : we investigated 20 ppd positive volunteers working at tuberculin unit of razi vaccine and serum research insti...

introduction: multiple sclerosis (ms) has been recognized as a common neurodegenerative disease that occurs after an auto reactive t cells against myelin antigens.  demyelination and inflammation are the main features of this disease. the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective roles of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bm-mscs) have been considered as a suitable treatment against autoi...

t cells have been identified as key players in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. however, the exact role of t-cell subpopulations in this pathway is presently unknown. the purpose of this study was to assess the expression pattern of two lineage-specifying transcription factors gata - 3 and t - bet , which are important in t helper type 1 (th1) and th2 cell development , respectively. gene e...

Interleukin (IL)-17 is exclusively produced by CD4 helper T-cells upon activation. It most often acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, which stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). In this study, we studied the in-vitro IL-17 response to specific antigens and a variety of mitogens and compared the IL-1...

Background: Although many experimental studies provide convincing evidence that type II immunity is protective against helminths, recent data in mice demonstrate that Th1 is also impor-tant in some cestodes like Hymenolepis nana. Objective: To identify the role of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes in immunity against H. nana, the levels of IL-12, IFNγ, IL-5, and IL-13 were de-termined in serum of humans ...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to degeneration of the brain and spinal tissue. imbalances of cd4+ t cells including thelper1 (th1)/thelper2 (th2) and thelper17 (th17)/tregulatory (treg), their secreted cytokines and gene expressions, are important aspects of in immunopathogenesis of ms. vitamin a and its metabolites can regulate the immune system and appear...

some of the genotypes of cytokines are associated with acute graft versus host disease after bone marrow transplantation. the purpose of the present investigation was to find out the possible association between transforming growth factor beta-1 (tgf-β1) codon 25 polymorphism (rs:1800471) and acute graft versus host disease (agvhd) after bone marrow transplantation from the sibling with the sim...

background: most of the studies have reported higher occupational health hazâ­ards on hazardous waste workers (hww). however reports regarding the assoâ­ciation between health hazards and pro-inflammatory cytokines in hww are scanty. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between occupational health hazards and serum pro-inflammatory cytokines in hww. methods: one hundred...

background host genetic and environmental factors are involved in development of gastric cancer. tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-î±| has a key role in helicobacter pylori -induced gastritis. we analyzed the association between tnf-î± polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer in an iranian population residing in northeastern iran. materials and methods in a case-control study, the genotyping was c...