The paper focuses on motorization − the growth in ownership and use of motorized vehicles − and its impact on energy demand and emissions with particular reference to the developing world. It examines the strategy currently pursued in the developed and the developing countries to improve air quality in cities, with particular emphasis on the cities in Asia and South America, where air pollution...

Health reforms that emphasize public health and improvements in primary care can be cost-effective measures to achieve health improvements, especially in developing countries that face severe resource constraints. In their paper “Shanghai rising: health improvements as measured by avoidable mortality since 2000,” Gusmano et al suggest that Shanghai’s health policy-makers have been successful in...

The 100th anniversary of Geddes’ book “Cities in Evolution” has just passed, and the authors of this paper present a contribution towards understanding “how” Geddes might address the paradigm of the “smart city”. Geddesian concepts have greatly revolutionized the design and building of modern cities around the world. As a botanist and a scientist, Geddes incorporated the concept of the appearan...

Previous studies of public transport sustainability in cities have been very limited to date, particularly in more developing countries located throughout Asia and the Middle East. This paper assesses the sustainability of urban public transport systems in cities by adopting a quantitative measurement framework containing 15 public transport sustainability indicators. It compares aggregate sust...

ly coal combustion, are major contributors to air pollution. Concentrations of suspended particles and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the air of many cities in developing countries exceed World Health Organization standards1. The effects of this pollution on human health can be devastating and in the most seriously affected countries the economic costs are estimated to be a significant percentage of G...

Urbanization is defined by the United Nations as the movement of people from rural to urban areas, whose population is projected to amount to half of the world’s population in 2008, rising to about 60% in 2030. As an increasingly higher number of people leave farms and villages to live in cities particularly in the developing countries, urban centres will grow at a rate previously unseen in man...

the study of the historical development of our cities reveal a heterogeneous growth, particularly in the case of large cities. such a growth has been endemic to all the developing world. the new movement has been the determinant factor in changing the evolutionary process of shaping homgenous cities of the past. in the ambiguity and confusion of loosing traditional thoughts, looking for homogen...

Cambodia is an agriculture and developing country. A large proportion of the population, 85% live in rural areas, and only 15% live in urban areas. It is estimated that currently, approximately 34.7% of the total population are living below the poverty line. The two most salient health-related problems linked to poverty in Cambodia are malnutrition and access to health care. Republic of Korea i...

Many of the significant urban transformations of the new century are taking place in the developing world. In particular, informality, once associated with poor squatter settlements, is now seen as a generalized mode of metropolitan urbanization. This article focuses on urban informality to highlight the challenges of dealing with the "unplannable" —exceptions to the order of formal urbanizatio...