Background: Chronic skin diseases such as vitiligo and psoriasis can impair the quality of life in the patients with these diseases. The impact of chronic and/or severe skin diseases on the lives of family members of the affected patients has only recently been addressed. The tool used for this assessment is the Family Dermatology Life Quality Index (FDLQI). The aim of this study was to use the...

The design of grating-based instruments to handle and condition coherent ultrafast pulses in the extreme-ultraviolet is discussed. The main application of such instruments is the monochromatization of high-order laser harmonics and free-electron-laser pulses in the femtosecond time scale. Broad-band monochromators require the use of diffraction gratings at grazing incidence. A grating can be us...

    Background: Dysphagia is frequently observed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Dysphagia and its complications are common causes of morbidity and mortality in final stages of MS disease. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of dysphagia in Iranian patients with MS and identifying predictors associated with dysphagia.    Methods: A total of 230 MS ...

this paper is a brief review of what has been carried out on the epidemiology of coetaneous leishmaniasis in mashad research station during the period 1964 through 1967. according to these studies; nine different foci of the disease exist in the province of khorassan. the disease is of urban type in the city of mashad and of rural type in sarakhs and lotfabad areas. the epidemiological type of ...

Introduction: An impaired sense of smell has a remarkable impact on the quality of life. It is seen in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson disease. In this study, we assessed the olfactory function in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) by Sniff Magnitude Test (SMT).  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 48 patients with MS. A questionnaire, including demog...

Paget’s disease of the nipple is an unusual manifestation of breast cancer. Most cases of mammary Paget`s disease are associated with an invasive or in situ breast tumor, even with no mass observed in mammography imaging. Very rarely does Paget’s disease occur in the absence of any underlying neoplasia .Herein, we report an 82-year-old woman with an unusual presentation of mammary Paget’s disea...