Background Many organisations have realised the importance of human resource for their competitive advantage. Empowering employees is therefore essential for organisational effectiveness. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between employee participation with outcome variables such as organisational commitment, job satisfaction, perception of justice in an organisation and readines...

In an anechoic environment, distance perception for nearby sources degrades if there is no low-frequency spectral content in a stimulus, presumably because of the importance of low-frequency interaural level difference cues (Brungart, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106:3589-3602). However, distance perception is essentially the same for monaural and binaural stimuli simulated at nearby distances in reverb...

What properties determine visually perceived space? We discovered that the perceived relative distances of familiar objects in natural settings depended in unexpected ways onthe surrounding visual field. Observers bisected egocentric distances in a lobby, in a hallway, and on an open lawn. Three key findings were the following: (1) Perceived midpoints were too far from the observer, which is th...

Numerical value is long known to be associated with a variety of magnitude representations, such as size, time and space. The present study focused on the interactive relations of numerical magnitude with a spatial factor which is dominant in everyday vision and is often overlooked, namely, egocentric distance, or depth. We hypothesized that digits denoting large magnitudes are associated with ...

Distance perception in virtual reality is reviewed, and investigated in a series of experiments. In experiment 1, the systematic underestimation of distance found in virtual reality displays was investigated. This investigation used a video camera mounted on a head-mounted display to compare a photorealistic ”virtual” world to monocular viewing of the real world with restricted field of view an...

Acoustic signals are used for long-range communication in many animals from insects to birds and mammals. Long-range signals are used primarily by males to advertise and defend their home ranges or territories or to attract mates. During transmission over long distances, the structure of signals becomes progressively degraded. At the position at which a receiver makes a decision to respond, the...

A hypothesis is put forward of how global patterns of optical flow, as discussed by Gibson, Johansson, and others, could be processed by relatively simple physiological mechanisms. It is suggested that there may exist motion-sensitive cells in the visual system which operate on the optical flow over the retina, and, in so doing, structure the visual field in terms of distinct surfaces that move...