Circadian rhythm is a natural physiological process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle and occurs about every 24 hours. The fundamental molecular clock, NPAS2 (Neuronal PAS Domain Protein 2), generates mammalian circadian rhythms. Various diseases have been linked to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NPAS2. In this study, several computational approaches employed predict SNPs' function...

Abstract New therapies for GBM are urgently needed due to its poor prognosis and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is thought be a promising strategy. To develop CAR-T therapy, surface targets that highly specific cells needed.Although extensive transcriptome analyses of were performed, few transcripts have been identified. However, cell-specific epitopes formed by post-translati...

This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF. The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate. The recent recovery in Latin America has been impressive but ...

We study the distributional effects of globalization within a model of heterogeneous agents where both managerial talent and knowledge of the local economic environment are required in order to become a successful entrepreneur. Agents willing to set up a firm abroad incur a learning cost that depends on how different the foreign and domestic entrepreneurial environments are. In this context, we...

In this paper we study the role of the exchange rate in conducting monetary policy in an economy with near-zero nominal interest rates as experienced in Japan since the mid-1990s. Our analysis is based on an estimated model of Japan, the United States and the euro area with rational expectations and nominal rigidities. First, we provide a quantitative analysis of the impact of the zero bound on...

In this paper, we develop continuous-time methods for solving dynamic principal-agent problems in which the agent’s privately observed productivity shocks are persistent over time. We characterize the optimal contract as the solution to a system of ordinary differential equations and show that, under this contract, the agent’s utility converges to its lower bound—immiserization occurs. Unlike u...

We study optimal government policy in an economy where (i) search frictions create a coordination problem and generate multiple Pareto-ranked equilibria and (ii) the government finances the provision of a public good by taxing trade. The government must choose the tax rate before it knows which equilibrium will obtain, and therefore an important part of the problem is determining how the policy...