This paper presents an optimum earthing system design for improving the lightning performance of a 500 kV transmission line its sustainable operation. The study includes interpretation soil profile and compares results between default new arrangements tower footing resistance impedance. An evaluation (TFR) impedance (Ri) before after improvement was carried out. Moreover, effects TFR Ri, also k...

Comments are made on the features of the various methods in use for measurement of charge decay. It is noted that none of the methods that start with the material charged and tested by earthing the test area boundary can be considered valid because this situation does not match practical experience. It is noted that any valid method must give results that match the behaviour of a variety of mat...

Purpose. Earthing relays are utilized very commonly in open-pit mines for disconnecting the failure part of 6 kV electric system from earthing incident. Much previous research is mentioned on searching either an optimal method improving effect or improvements reducing overvoltage caused by grounding separately. The paper presents a new approach to not only sensitivity but also limiting over-vol...

Earthing systems play an essential role in electrical terms of safety for people the vicinity against hazard electric shocks as well protection and proper operation equipment during incidence faults. Both are achieved by providing a low-impedance path that can dissipate fault currents to conductive mass Earth. One first steps design earthing system is estimating total resistance earth determini...

Performing High Voltage (HV) tasks with a multi craft work force create a special set of safety circumstances. This paper aims to present vital information relating to when it is acceptable to use a single or a two-layer soil structure. Also it discusses the implication of the high voltage infrastructure on the earth grid and the safety of this implication under a single or a two-layer soil str...