As technology node shrinks down, hotspots, i.e. patterning failures on wafer after etching process, become an inevitable problem. The main cause of such hotspots is low contrast of aerial image. There are several methods that can improve aerial image contrast such as SRAF insertion and OPC. However, it is difficult to fix all hotspots by applying only SRAF and OPC in advanced technology node. T...

Meiotic recombination hotspots play important roles in life sciences, but the regulatory mechanism remain unclear. To predict DNA sequence motifs that regulate recombination hotspots, we designed an open source software tool called “LDsplit” that detects SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) associated with meiotic recombination hotspots. The association is measured by the difference of histor...

Research concerning the impact of earthquake victims' individual behavior and its association with earthquake-related injuries is lacking. This study examined this relationship along with effectiveness of earthquake rescue measures. The six most severely destroyed townships during the Lushan earthquake were examined; 28 villages and three earthquake victims' settlement camp areas were selected ...

Physical modeling of earthquake generation processes is essential to further our understanding of seismic hazard. However, the scale-dependent nature of earthquake rupture processes is further complicated by the heterogeneous nature of the crust. Despite significant advances in the understanding of earthquake generation processes, and the derivation of underlying physical laws, controversy rema...

Criminal activities are unevenly distributed over space. The concept of hotspots is widely used to analyze the spatial characters of crimes. But existing methods usually identify hotspots based on an arbitrary user-defined threshold with respect to the number of a target crime without considering underlying controlling factors. In this study we introduce a new data mining model – Hotspots Optim...

Understanding factors driving diversity across biodiversity hotspots is critical for formulating conservation priorities in the face of ongoing and escalating environmental deterioration. While biodiversity hotspots encompass a small fraction of Earth's land surface, more than half the world's plants and two-thirds of terrestrial vertebrate species are endemic to these hotspots. Tropical Southe...

According to the features and demands of earthquake rescue on-site, automatic modelling and scene generation methods based on fundamental geographic data were investigated, and an earthquake scene model was proposed considering both effect of local site conditions on ground motion and vulnerability of different buildings. Based on ArcGIS Engine, the system in which the scene of pre-earthquake a...

OBJECTIVE To determine the features of earthquake-related pelvic crush fractures versus non-earthquake fractures with digital radiography and multidetector row computed tomography. METHODS One hundred and sixty-seven survivors with pelvic crush fractures in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake were entered in our study as the earthquake-related group (139 underwent digital radiography, 28 underwent mu...

Hotspots of crime localized in space and time are well documented. Previous mathematical models of urban crime have exhibited these hotspots but considered a static or otherwise suboptimal police response to them. We introduce a program of police response to hotspots of crime in which the police adapt dynamically to changing crime patterns. In particular, they choose their deployment to solve a...