OBJECTIVE Icon arrays have been suggested as a potentially promising format for communicating risks to patients-especially those with low numeracy skills-but experimental studies are lacking. This study investigates whether icon arrays increase accuracy of understanding medical risks, and whether they affect perceived seriousness of risks and helpfulness of treatments. DESIGN Two experiments ...

This art ic le descr ibes the use of sul fur-containing organic monolayers to improve the adhesion of gold to sil icon substrates having a native sil icon dioxide surface layer. Gold adheres to clean sil icon,r but not to sil icon dioxide.2 The affinity of gold toward sil icon dioxide can be improved by coating with chromium3 or titaniumt films or by adding interlayers containing fluoride salts...

This paper presents a novel interaction technique called Follow my Finger (FmF) for navigation in 3D virtual environments using a 2D interactive view on a table-top device. FmF consists in moving a camera icon that represents the 2D subjective position and orientation of a viewpoint in the 3D world. Planar, tactile, and direct manipulation of the camera icon facilitates navigation in the 3D env...

could have worked. " The scientists hypothesise that interbreeding between our ancestral humans and early chimps created a third, infertile 'hybrid' species, the human equivalent of a mule, the infertile offspring of a horse and donkey. Though incapable of breeding among its own, the hybrid is believed to have survived by mating with its parent human or chimp species, before the two separated t...

An international workshop on marine integrated contaminant monitoring (ICON) was organised to test a framework on integrated environmental assessment and simultaneously assess the status of selected European marine areas. Biota and sediment were sampled in selected estuarine, inshore and offshore locations encompassing marine habitats from Iceland to the Spanish Mediterranean. The outcome of th...

Detecting PE malware files is now commonly approached using statistical and machine learning models. While these models commonly use features extracted from the structure of PE files, we propose that icons from these files can also help better predict malware. We propose an innovative machine learning approach to extract information from icons. Our proposed approach consists of two steps: 1) ex...

A workshop related to the Icon programming language took place at Northern Arizona University (NAU) in Flagstaff, Arizona on July 26-29, 1988. Steve Wampler, who initially suggested a meeting on Icon, and who organized the workshop, served as host. Twenty-eight persons were invited to participate, including the Icon Project group at The University of Arizona and others closely associated with I...

Icons, or pictorial and graphical objects, are commonly used in human-computer interaction (HCI) fields as the mediator in order to communicate information to users. Yet there has been little studies focusing on a majority of the world’s population – semi-literate communities – in terms of the fundamental knowhow for designing icons for such population. In this study, two sets of icons belongin...

This paper describes a platform-independent system which adds spatial auditory feedback to the icons of a computer interface in order to assist visually impaired individuals during icon location and selection. In this enhanced system, icons have 3D sound properties, in addition to their graphical properties. Each icon has a specific sound associated with it. As the cursor is moved throughout th...