Dijkstra introduced mutual exclusion for an N -process system as the requirement “that at any moment only one of these N cyclic processes is in its critical section” [1]. This requirement, which we call true mutual exclusion, is still the standard definition of mutual exclusion. Mutual exclusion algorithms for shared-memorymultiprocessors do not guarantee true mutual exclusion. We give a simple...

Executive Summary This paper develops an understanding of caste-based economic exclusion and its consequences on poverty of excluded groups, and discusses Indian government strategy against exclusion/ discrimination and policy for empowerment. The caste system as an economic organization is based on the division of persons in social groups (castes) with fixed and unequal economic rights. Compul...

in various legal systems, with adoption of the validity of exclusion clause as a rule, in the exceptional instances for the reason of social importance of the matter and contrary to the public policy, exclusion clause is void. thus, in the case of death; bodily injuries; deliberated breach of contract or legal duty ;gross negligence and deception imputed to party relying to exclusion clause, it...

evaluating the forest stands structure in different development stages is one of the ways for better understanding the forest dynamics and its response to natural disturbances. this study was carried out in the compartment 319, kheiroud forest in order to quantify the structure properties of mixed beech stands in the stem exclusion phase. for this purpose, three one-hectare sample plots were se...