First the crucial but very confidential fact is brought into evidence that – as Kolmogorov himself repeatedly claimed – there exists no abstract theory of probabilities, simply because the factual concept of probability is itself unachieved : it is nowhere specified how to construct the factual probability law to be asserted on a given physical random phenomenon. Then an algorithm of semantic i...

Groundbreaking judgments in Australia and Canada the 1990s reveal that Indigenous land rights depend on evidence of occupation law when British Crown asserted sovereignty. Looking back at earlier decisions, it is apparent they were not based facts, but prejudicial erroneous assumptions about peoples. In St. Catherine’s Milling (1888), Lord Watson said Ojibwe Indians solely goodwill Crown, a con...

The use of analogical arguments is most often associated with political argumentation. However, our previous studies have found that analogical arguments are not as convincing as factual arguments. Should politicians rethink their rhetorical techniques ? In this paper, several possible criticisms of previous findings are considered, to determine whether analogical arguments might be considered ...

The results of an experiment are often described in a series of textual statements, the most concise of which being the title of the article. Here we implemented a novel approach, using standard data mining techniques, to collect a set of concise ‘factual’ statements about a research area. We compare two standard text classification approaches to identify ‘factual’ and ‘non-factual’ sentences i...

Sharing Web services across the enterprise and to support B2B integration becomes more intensive and critical for businesses. This paper proposes a process to generate Web services from the attributes describing the business objects and the coordination artefacts as described in the highest abstraction level of a business model i.e. the universe of discourse where the elements are unique. The p...

The aim of this paper is to outline a first-order model for ampliative reasoning that fruitfully combines the inference patterns of inductive generalization and factual abduction. The pattern of inductive generalization is the archetype pattern of inductive inference by which we arrive at a universally quantified statement (All P s are Q) given one or more instances (Some P s are Q). In factual...

The study presented three cases of patients diagnosed with adrenal tumors subject to surgical intervention during the past 6 months in our Department. The patients presented with radiological diagnostic difficulties, as to the character and location of the primary tumor. The aim of the study was to demonstrate differences between radiological examination results and the factual situation observ...

Partisanship seems to affect factual beliefs about politics. For example, Republicans are more likely than Democrats to say that the deficit rose during the Clinton administration; Democrats are more likely to say that inflation rose under Reagan. What remains unclear is whether such patterns reflect differing beliefs among partisans or instead reflect a desire to praise one party or criticize ...