Plant diversity strongly influences ecosystem functions and services, such as soil carbon storage. However, the mechanisms underlying the positive plant diversity effects on soil carbon storage are poorly understood. We explored this relationship using long-term data from a grassland biodiversity experiment (The Jena Experiment) and radiocarbon ((14)C) modelling. Here we show that higher plant ...

Bainitic reaction kinetics in ductile iron contained according to Ukrainian standard (weight %) 3.603.80 carbon, 2.60-2.80 Si, 0.12 Mn, 0.60 Cu and additionally alloyed by Mo (0.15-0.20) has been studied. It was found that the overall transformation kinetics becomes slower as transformation temperature increase. This is because more intensive redistribution of carbon into austenite at higher te...

Temperate symbiotic corals, such as the Mediterranean species Cladocora caespitosa, live in seasonally changing environments, where irradiance can be ten times higher in summer than winter. These corals shift from autotrophy in summer to heterotrophy in winter in response to light limitation of the symbiont's photosynthesis. In this study, we determined the autotrophic carbon budget under diffe...

The quantitative performance of wheat crop under 1-5 year old poplar plantations in irrigated agro-ecosystem was studied to ascertain the biological yield of tree and crop. Results revealed that growth and yield of wheat decreased significantly with the increase in poplar age. The per cent reduction in net grain yield was 17% under one year old poplar plantation, which increased to 52.15% under...

Abstract: The direct reduction of copper sulfide concentrate from Iranian Sarcheshme deposits with carbon in the presence of lime was investigated in the temperature range of 800-1000 ºC. The reduction kinetics was determined by means of weight loss measurements. It was found that the rate of reaction increased considerably with increasing the temperature. The kinetics was also improved whe...

Polyvinylchloride (PVC) based heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were prepared by the solution casting technique. The effect of super activated carbon nanoparticles concentration as filler additive in membrane matrix on ionic transfer behaviors of the membrane was studied. SOM images showed uniform particles distribution and relatively uniform surfaces for the membranes. The membrane water...

Experiments previously reported from this laboratory (1) were designed to measure the normal amount of COz carbon which becomes incorporated into the amino acids of the tissues of rats fed a natural diet. This evaluation was made possible by exposing rats to CY402 for periods long enough to insure a complete exchange of isotope between CO2 and the organic constituents of several tissues. It was...

The present work deals with the study of the adsorption of Trichloroethylene (TCE) onto a commercial granular activated carbon (GAC). Thermodynamic (batch) and dynamic (fixed-bed column) tests were carried out, under a wide range of operating conditions. In particular, adsorption isotherms were preliminary determined to support the investigation on a fixed-bed column at lab-scale. The main flui...

This paper formulates a mathematical model for the Green Vehicle Routing Problem (GVRP), incorporating bi-fuel (natural gas and gasoline) pickup trucks in a mixed vehicle fleet. The objective is to minimize overall costs relating to service (earliness and tardiness), transportation (fixed, variable and fuel), and carbon emissions. To reflect a real-world situation, the study considers: (1) a co...