PURPOSE Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are a new type of device that delivers vaporized nicotine without the tobacco combustion of regular cigarettes. We sought to understand awareness of and willingness to try e-cigarettes among adolescent males, a group that is at risk for smoking initiation and may use e-cigarettes as a "gateway" to smoking. METHODS A national sample of 11-19-year-ol...

Chewing gum increases salivary flow rate (SFR) and pH, but differences in preferences of gum flavor may influence SFR and pH. The aim of this paper was to assess the effect of five different flavors of sucrose-free chewing gum on the salivary flow rate and pH in healthy dental students in Isfahan, Iran. Fifteen (7 men and 8 women) healthy dental student volunteers collected unstimulated saliva ...

During January 2011, the US Department of Agriculture issued proposed regulations with substantial changes to nutrition standards for school foods and beverages to improve the healthfulness of school meals. Milk availability is limited to fat-free or 1% white milk and fat-free flavored milk. Most elementary school students choose flavored milk. Milk processors are lowering the calories provided...

this study was carried out to detect the presence of aflatoxin m1 (afm1) in 30 uht flavored milk samples in karaj, alborz province of iran. high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) was applied to analyse afm1 in the samples. result showed that aflatoxin m1 was detected in all the uht flavored milk samples, the concentration of afm1 was ranged from 0.015 to 0.14 µg/kg. also, 10 samples (33....

Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) were designed to replace traditional decrease the harmful effects of smoking. The liquid in e-cigarettes contains different chemicals, such as Propylene Glycol (PG) and Vegetable Glycerin (VG), may contain nicotine. To be more attractive, e-liquids are supplemented with flavorings. Because vaped shown damaging oral tissues, similar could occur cavity non-vap...

Ingestion of fluoride dentifrice by preschool children recently has been implicated as a risk factor for dental fluorosis. The availability of dentifrices flavored for children could increase fluoride ingestion by young children at risk for dental fluorosis. This article reports results of a pilot study of use of regular-flavored dentifrice and those flavored for children among 29 preschool chi...