Background: Gentamicin causes nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity using megalin as a key cellular uptake-site, but no structural data are available Results: Gentamicin binds to megalin with low affinity and exploits the common ligand binding motif Conclusion: This first structure of human megalin in complex with gentamicin suggest electrostatics to be the main binding determinant Significance: Struc...

The in vitro bactericidal interactions of penicillin G, cefotaxime, or vancomycin in combination with gentamicin were compared against 20 group G streptococci by the timed kill curve method. Synergy was noted at the following frequencies: penicillin plus gentamicin, 80%; cefotaxime plus gentamicin, 85%; vancomycin plus gentamicin, 90%. There was no bactericidal antagonism observed.

The activity of gentamicin at various concentrations against two strains of Enterococcus faecalis was investigated in vitro and in a rabbit model of aortic endocarditis. In vitro, gentamicin at 0.5 to 4 times the MIC failed to reduce the number of bacteria at 24 h. Rabbit or human serum dramatically increased gentamicin activity, leading to a >/=3-log(10) CFU/ml decrease in bacterial counts whe...

Social concern and awareness of the potential risk posed by environmental residues of antibiotics such as gentamicin in the development of antibiotic resistance genes have increased. The present study used laboratory-scale experiments to develop methods for gentamicin removal from the environment. A fungus, strain FZC3, which could remove gentamicin in submerged fermentation, was isolated from ...

Thirteen male subjects received 1 mg of either gentamicin or netilmicin per kg, first intramuscularly and then intravenously. After the intramuscular dose, concentrations of gentamicin in the serum were more variable than those of netilmicin. After the intravenous dose, the distribution phase of netilmicin was twice as rapid as gentamicin. The average half-times of the elimination phase were si...

The serum bactericidal rate (SBR) assay was used to assess the antipseudomonal activity of gentamicin with or without piperacillin. Heat-inactivated donor serum was spiked with gentamicin, piperacillin, or a combination at concentrations representative of levels in serum and tested against five P. aeruginosa strains isolated from blood. The SBR assay was performed as follows: colony counts in t...

OBJECTIVES Chronic pulmonary infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients is virtually impossible to eradicate by means of existing free antibiotics. We sought to assess the antibacterial activities of liposomal gentamicin against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. METHODS Gentamicin was encapsulated into liposomes with different lipid compositions (1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glyc...

Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to either gentamicin or carbenicillin have been noted since their introduction into clinical use. During a 6-month period, twice-weekly cultures were obtained from all patients treated with either gentamicin or carbenicillin and from all patients with a positive culture for P. aeruginosa. Susceptibility testing to gentamicin and carbenicillin and pyoc...

INTRODUCTION Treatment of infections in neonates with gentamicin is a balance between optimising bactericidal effect and minimising adverse effects. Previously, at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Kolding Hospital, Denmark, neonates suspected of having infections were treated daily with gentamicin 5 mg/kg for the first three days, thus exposing the smallest neonates to double gentamic...