exchange rate volatility is one of the effective and ambiguous factors in agricultural product export. considering the importance of agricultural trade to avoid single-product economy, the main aim of this study was to investigate the impact of exchange rate volatility on the raisin export of iran during the years1959-2011. for this purpose, exchange rate volatility index was estimated using mo...

This publication updates and refines a previous study on the same subject (Agriculture’s Contribution to Hawaii’s Economy, CTAHR Economic Issues publica­ tion EI-2, February 2000). That publication emphasized that estimates of agriculture’s contributions vary depend­ ing on what is defined as agriculture and on the method­ ology used to develop the estimates. As we define it here, agriculture i...

PURPOSE To assess the number of ophthalmologists in Brazil, their regional distribution, ophthalmologist/habitant ratio, and the relation between ophthalmologist and State Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita to aid public health policies. METHODS An ecologic study was conducted. Data were obtained from the "Census 2011 Brazilian Ophthalmology Council", from "Demographic Census of Brazilia...

The Rice–Fish Symbiotic System in the Longxian village is first Globally Important Agricultural Heritage (GIAHS) Asia. This paper examined value transformation mechanism of from micro perspective material cycle and energy flow quantified its economic using gross ecosystem product (GEP). Using InVEST model ArcGIS tools, GEP was estimated to be approximately CNY 116.51 million (approx. 252,624 pe...