Heat stress in laying hens is prompted by combinations of environmental temperature and humidity that prevent the bird’s thermoregulatory process from effectively dissipating the heat produced during metabolism [32]. High environmental temperature is the major problem faced by laying hens as well as poultry farmers usually in summer months. The ideal temperature for laying hens is about 20°C [2...

Energy saving is major matter in our global world, and heat exchanger is very useful for energy saving. Of course heat exchanger is most significant component for chemical reaction, distillation, dissolution, crystallization, fermentation etc. So the correct selection of heat exchanger is important in these processes. Spiral tube Heat Exchangers are known as excellent heat exchanger because of ...

The optimization of heat exchanger network (HEN) synthesis still remains an open problem because of the complexity of the space comprising all the possible solutions, and most of the proposed methods introduce simplifying assumptions that mainly affect the topological features of the candidate solutions considered and thus artificially limit the boundaries of the search space. This work is devo...

The present study was conducted to determine the adverse effects of high temperature and humidity not only on live performance and egg quality but also on immune function in commercial laying hens. One hundred eighty 31-wk-old laying hens at peak production were used in this study. Hens were housed in cages (15 cages of 4 birds/cage) in each of 3 environmental chambers and received 1 of 3 treat...

This paper presents a new approach for the simultaneous synthesis and optimization of heat integrated water networks. A new superstructure for heat exchanger network (HEN) synthesis is proposed. The procedure is based onmixed integer non-linearmathematical programming (MINLP). Four relevant examples are presented to illustrate various aspects of the proposed approach. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All r...

INTEGRATION is a state-of-the-art software package that helps optimize heat recovery and reduce thermal energy use in industrial facilities. INTEGRATION brings together powerful diagnosis and optimization capabilities, to quickly identify and deliver heat recovery solutions that improve the performance of heat exchanger networks and utility systems, while considering a range of operational and ...

In this study, a reputable Kalina cycle system, KCS 11, is simulated and analysed. Within this efficient cycle, there are three heat exchangers: the first heat exchanger is designated for heat absorption from the heat source, the second heat exchanger is designed for heat release to the cold source, and the third heat exchanger is designed for energy recovery. In order to achieve precise si...

In the presented research, heat transfer of a mobile electrolyte alkaline fuel cell (AFC) (which the electrolyte has cooling role of system) has been considered. Proper control volumes of system with specific qualification have been chosen. Consequently, heat and mass transfer in control volumes have been assessed. Considerations on them and contributed models lead to approve a double tube heat...

heat exchangers are one of the most important devices of mechanical systems in modernsociety. most industrial processes involve the transfer of heat and more often they requirethe heat transfer process to be controlled. a heat exchanger is the heat exchanged betweentwo media, one being cold and the other being hot. there are different types of heatexchanger, but the type which is widely used in...