Heterogeneous catalysis is a chemical process achieved at solid–gas or solid–liquid interfaces. Many factors including the particle size, shape and metal-support interfaces can have significant influences on catalytic properties of metal catalysts. The recent progress in synthesis techniques advanced characterization tools allow to understand mechanisms molecular level. In this Review, size dep...

An efficient synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives was reported via four-component coupling reactions of aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl ketones (dimedone or 1,3-cyclohexanedione), ethyl acetoacetate or methyl acetoacetate and ammonium acetate in the presence of a catalytic amount of nanocrystalline TiO2 under solvent free conditions. The reported method is mild, rapid and has the advantages su...

Heterogeneous catalysis and their application in industrial-scale organic synthesis of fine chemicals are greatly facilitated by catalysis and further on by catalyst recovery and recycles to fits most “principles of green chemistry. In acid media, terpenoids generally undergoes various transformations. The terpenoid transformations include various liquid Bronsted and Lewis Acids, Acid clays, He...

The formation of aryl-aryl bonds and heteroaryl analogues is one of the most important C-C bond forming processes in organic chemistry. Recently, a methodology termed Direct Arylation (DA) has emerged as an attractive alternative to traditional cross-coupling reactions (Suzuki-Miyaura, Stille, Negishi, etc.). A parallel focus of the pharmaceutical and other chemical industries has been on the u...

Nanoparticles are important catalysts for many chemical transformations. However, owing to their structural dispersions, heterogeneous distribution of surface sites and surface restructuring dynamics, nanoparticles are intrinsically heterogeneous and challenging to characterize in ensemble measurements. Using a single-nanoparticle single-turnover approach, we study the redox catalysis of indivi...