A model to examine the choice by jurisdiction whether to finance roads with taxes or tolls is developed. Key factors posited to explain the choice include the length of trips using the roads, the size of the governing jurisdiction, the elasticity of demand to revenue instruments, and the transactions costs of collection which dictate the size and scope of the free rider problem associated with ...

Frontage roads are most frequently used in rural and urban environments along freeway and full-controlled principal arterial corridors. Their primary function is to distribute and collect traffic between local streets and interchanges. They have been the primary design solution for providing access along Texas rural freeways and full-controlled principal arterials. With the growing public deman...

The current conditions of Russian territories road infrastructure, regional budgetary funding, differences in economic potential and the economy structure constituent entities Federation determine relevance development improvement regulatory base. This is important field tariff policy, one elements which approval basic standards rules for calculating amount funds capital repairs, repairs mainte...

Interstate highways are a permanent and increasingly important feature of America’s rural landscape. Their impact on agriculture and rural living, which is already felt, w ill be greatly intensified in the next few years. Consider some of the overall dimensions of this new highway system. Of the 41,000 miles authorized, more than 35,000 miles are classed as rural. ( 1 ) * One-third of all count...

Large-scale daily commuting data were combined with detailed geographical information system (GIS) data to analyze the loss of transport efficiency caused by drivers' uncoordinated routing in urban road networks. We used Price of Anarchy (POA) to quantify the loss of transport efficiency and found that both volume and distribution of human mobility demand determine the POA. In order to reduce P...

M any studies from the west have implicated traffic pollution in respiratory disease, especially in children. Usually, these studies have been conducted in areas with high traffic densities such as inner cities, or areas near major highways. The daily number of vehicles passing on roads near residences or schools of study children have typically been in the tens of thousands, sometimes well ove...

The use of artificial neural networks in the domain of autonomous vehicle navigation has produced promising results. ALVINN [Pomerleau, 1991] has shown that a neural system can drive a vehicle reliably and safely on many different types of roads, ranging from paved paths to interstate highways. Even with these impressive results, several areas within the neural paradigm for autonomous road foll...

Roads and highways are 1 of the most significant obstacles affecting wildlife movement by fragmenting habitat, altering migration use while also being a danger to humans caused wildlife-vehicle interactions. To mitigate mortality on highway sections minimize death injury motorists as well, road ecologists have proposed structures adapted for safe passage across roads. In this study, photographi...